海关与边境保护局推迟国际邮件新申报程序：Entry Type 13强制实施日延至2027年1月20日
美国海关与边境保护局（CBP）10月14日宣布，将国际邮件新非正式入境程序「Entry Type 13」（ET13）的强制实施日期推迟90天，由原定的2026年10月22日延至2027年1月20日。CBP表示，2027年1月20日之前，国际邮件的入境程序没有任何变化；自该日起，符合条件的邮政货件必须按新程序申报。
新程序适用于经国际邮政网络入境美国、受第201、232或301条关税约束，或属其他联邦机构（PGA）管辖的邮政货件。这类货件须在CBP的自动化商业环境系统（ACE）中以ET13作非正式入境电子申报，否则须改走正式入境程序。CBP称，延期是为让进口商、报关行与物流商有更多时间更新流程，避免部分寄往美国的国际邮政货件受到干扰；过渡期内，CBP鼓励相关方自愿提前使用ET13，并表示将继续提供指引与支持。
CBP贸易办公室执行助理专员苏珊·托马斯（Susan S. Thomas）表示：「CBP专注于守卫边境，并利用预先数据在国际邮件抵达美国社区之前识别其中的威胁。」现场行动办公室执行助理专员黛安·萨巴蒂诺（Diane J. Sabatino）表示，新要求将使国际邮件渠道更安全，同时强化美国的经济与国家安全。
这一延期源于今年6月24日的一项临时最终规则：该规则无限期暂停邮政渠道800美元以下小额货件的免税待遇（de minimis），并为价值2,500美元或以下的邮政货件设立新的非正式入境程序。ET13的测试版本已于9月22日部署至ACE生产环境。CBP另于10月8日发布一项拟议规则，提议把新申报要求扩及几乎全部国际邮件包裹（信件与扁平件除外），该提案尚在审议中，与本次延期是两项不同的程序。
据路透社报道，患者团体与行业组织此前警告，新规的数据申报、保证金与报关行要求，可能令部分美国人从加拿大等地邮购的个人处方药面临延误、被拒或成本上升；此次延期也使相关变更推后至11月3日中期选举之后。
CBP Delays New International Mail Entry Procedure: Entry Type 13 Mandatory Date Moved to January 20, 2027
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) announced on October 14 that it is postponing the mandatory implementation date for Entry Type 13 (ET13), the new informal entry procedure for international mail, by 90 days — from October 22, 2026 to January 20, 2027. CBP said there will be no changes to international mail entry procedures before January 20, 2027, and that use of ET13 becomes mandatory from that date.
The procedure applies to postal shipments entering the United States through the international postal network that are subject to Section 201, 232 or 301 tariffs, or that fall under the jurisdiction of partner government agencies. Such shipments must be filed electronically in CBP's Automated Commercial Environment (ACE) as ET13 informal entries, or else move through formal entry. CBP said the delay gives importers, brokers and logistics providers additional time to update their processes while helping avoid disruptions to certain international postal shipments destined for the United States; voluntary early use of ET13 is encouraged during the transition.
Susan S. Thomas, Executive Assistant Commissioner for the Office of Trade, said CBP is focused on securing the border and using advance data to identify threats in international mail before they reach American communities. Diane J. Sabatino, Executive Assistant Commissioner for the Office of Field Operations, said the requirements will create a more secure international mail stream, strengthening both economic and national security.
The delay follows an interim final rule issued on June 24 that indefinitely suspended the de minimis duty-free exemption for mail shipments and created the new postal informal entry process for shipments valued at $2,500 or less. A test version of ET13 was deployed to the ACE production environment on September 22. Separately, CBP published a proposed rule on October 8 that would extend the new requirements to nearly all international mail packages except letters and flats; that proposal remains under review and is distinct from this delay.
Reuters reported that patient groups and industry organizations had warned that the rule's data, bonding and broker requirements could delay, block or raise the cost of personal prescription drug orders mailed from Canada and elsewhere; the delay also pushes the changes until after the November 3 midterm elections.
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：海关与边境保护局警犬训导员在肯尼迪国际机场查验入境国际邮件（资料图）。来源：美国海关与边境保护局，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons / Photo: A CBP K-9 handler inspects arriving international mail at JFK International Airport (file photo). Credit: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
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