国际能源署同意加速释放紧急石油储备余量：逾2000万桶柴油将尽快投放市场，成员国迄今已释放约3.3亿桶
巴黎／伦敦／马德里——据路透社10月15日报道，国际能源署（IEA）理事会当天开会讨论储备释放的规模与时间后同意，加速释放今年3月紧急储备行动中尚未释放的余量，其中包括尽快向市场投放逾2,000万桶柴油，以增加供应、平抑飙升的价格。IEA在会后声明中表示，理事会重申将继续落实2026年3月为应对霍尔木兹海峡危机作出的集体行动承诺，成员国已商定加速释放剩余量、具体方案已经就位。
今年3月油价飙升之际，各成员国曾承诺释放逾4亿桶原油与石油产品，创下紧急储备释放纪录。IEA表示，成员国迄今已累计释放约3.3亿桶；一些成员国实际释放量已超过3月承诺，另一些成员国计划这样做。西班牙政府10月15日表示，将于10月从战略储备中释放440万桶；西班牙3月承诺释放1,150万桶，迄今已释放370万桶。
柴油价格近来在许多市场涨至纪录高位。路透社称，伊朗战争与俄乌冲突扰乱了供应，对各国政府与消费者构成通胀与生活成本压力。美国总统特朗普此前向欧盟国家施压，要求其动用储备，否则可能面临美国柴油出口禁令；他希望在11月3日中期选举前压低能源价格。美国能源部表示，更多以柴油为重点的IEA释放正在评估与推进中，并称本届政府继续要求欧洲国家就此前未履行承诺、未尽力减少全球能源市场供应扰乱与帮助降低能源价格负责。白宫被问及是否对IEA的动用储备承诺不满时，提供了IEA当天关于释放的声明。
市场反应方面，一位熟悉讨论细节的人士称，2,000多万桶柴油的数字低于此前考虑的5,000万桶；路透社本月早些时候报道，欧盟各国政府曾讨论法国的一项提议，即由IEA成员国释放5,000万桶柴油与5,000万桶原油。Sparta Commodities分析师阿比谢克·库马尔（Abhishek Kumar）对路透社表示，IEA的宣布方向正确，但缺少市场期待的细节，这2,000多万桶柴油看起来是对既有承诺的加速，而非真正的新增量。
IEA Agrees to Speed Up Release of Remaining Emergency Oil Stocks: More Than 20 Million Barrels of Diesel to Reach the Market as Soon as Possible; Members Have Released About 330 Million Barrels So Far
Paris/London/Madrid — The International Energy Agency's governing board met on Thursday, October 15, to discuss the scale and timing of stock releases and agreed to accelerate the release of the remaining volumes from its record emergency action pledged in March, including releasing more than 20 million barrels of diesel to the market as soon as possible to boost supply and cool soaring prices, Reuters reported. In a statement after the meeting, the IEA said its governing board reaffirmed its commitment to continue delivering on the March 2026 Collective Action in response to the Strait of Hormuz crisis, and that members had agreed to accelerate the release of the remaining volumes, with specific plans already in place.
In March, as prices soared, member countries had pledged to release more than 400 million barrels of crude oil and oil products, a record emergency release. The IEA said members have released approximately 330 million barrels so far, that some members had already released more than they pledged in March, and that others planned to do so. Spain said on Thursday that it would release 4.4 million barrels from its strategic reserves in October; Spain has released 3.7 million of the 11.5 million barrels it pledged in March.
Diesel prices have surged to record highs in many markets. Reuters reported that supply has been disrupted by the Iran war and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, posing inflation and cost-of-living threats to governments and consumers. U.S. President Donald Trump has pressed European Union countries to draw down reserves or face a potential U.S. diesel export ban, as he seeks to lower prices ahead of the November 3 midterm elections. The U.S. Energy Department said further IEA releases, with a focus on diesel, are under review and in progress, and that the administration continues to hold European nations accountable for failing to fulfill their previous commitments to minimize supply disruptions in global energy markets and to help lower energy prices. The White House, when asked if it was unhappy with the IEA's commitment to draw down reserves, provided the IEA's statement from Thursday on the releases.
On the market reaction, a source familiar with the details of the discussion said the figure of 20 million barrels of diesel is lower than the 50 million barrels that had been considered earlier. Reuters reported earlier this month that EU governments were discussing a French proposal for the release of 50 million barrels of diesel alongside 50 million barrels of crude from IEA members. Abhishek Kumar, an analyst at Sparta Commodities, told Reuters the IEA announcement is a step in the right direction but falls short on the details the market was looking for, and that the more than 20 million barrels of diesel appear to be an acceleration of existing commitments rather than genuinely new volumes.
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图片来源：图：荷兰鹿特丹港欧洲港区第五石油港储罐区航拍（资料图）。图片来源：Rik Schuiling / TropCrop-TCS / Archive，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 3.0。Photo: Aerial view of the storage tank area at the Fifth Petroleum Port, Europoort, Rotterdam, Netherlands (file photo). Image: Rik Schuiling / TropCrop-TCS / Archive, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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