移民局新规生效：难民拟终止身份通知回应期由30天缩至10天 邮寄送达合计13天
美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）一项临时最终规则已于2026年10月14日在《联邦公报》刊发并于同日立即生效。该规则刊载于《联邦公报》第91卷第197期第65077至65091页，文件号为FR Doc. 2026-20956，修改对象为《联邦法规》第8篇第207部分（8 CFR Part 207），案卷号为USCIS-2026-0397。
新规将拟终止身份通知（Notice of Intent to Terminate，NOIT）的回应期由30天缩短为10天。按照修订后的8 CFR 207.9，USCIS以书面形式通知拟终止难民身份，当事人须在通知送达之日起10天内提交书面或口头证据，说明身份不应被终止。回应方式包括提交书面证据，或在期限内请求面谈提供口头证词。
计日与送达规则方面，回应期按日历日计算，星期六、星期日和联邦假日均计入；若期限最后一日落在星期六、星期日或联邦假日，则顺延至下一个工作日。若通知以邮寄方式送达，依8 CFR 103.8，回应期另加3天，邮寄送达的回应期合计为13天，起算日为邮寄之日。
适用范围方面，该规则适用于经美国难民接纳计划以难民身份入境、尚未调整为合法永久居民（未转绿卡）的人，且USCIS认定其在入境时并非《移民与国籍法》第101(a)(42)条含义下的难民。主申请人的难民身份被终止时，其配偶和子女的难民身份随主申请人一并终止。规则文本未按入境财年限定适用范围。国土安全部在规则中称，已识别约186,000件2015财年至2025财年入境、尚未调整身份的难民案件；该数字是可能受规则影响的最大案件池，并非预计会收到NOIT的人数，USCIS等机构仍在识别其中需审查的子集。
国土安全部在规则中自述，缩短回应期旨在恢复移民系统完整性、降低国家安全与公共安全风险，并防止欺诈。国土安全部称，此前难民处理中存在重速度轻审查、以不完整记录作出判定的情形，缩短期限可使身份终止程序更快推进。国土安全部同时称，10天仍为当事人提供回应机会。
程序后果方面，规则文本写明，对USCIS终止难民身份的决定无上诉；身份终止后，USCIS将按《移民与国籍法》第235、240、241条处理当事人。国土安全部在规则中称，当事人可在后续程序中向移民法官寻求救济或保护。
该临时最终规则现接受书面评论，评论及相关材料须于2026年11月13日或之前经联邦电子规章门户提交，并注明案卷号USCIS-2026-0397。（GSM 据《联邦公报》2026年10月14日刊载文本整理）
USCIS Rule Takes Effect: Refugee Termination Notice Response Period Cut From 30 Days to 10 Days, 13 Days in Total by Mail
An interim final rule issued by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) was published in the Federal Register on October 14, 2026, and took effect the same day. The rule appears in Volume 91, No. 197, at pages 65077 to 65091, under FR Doc. 2026-20956. It amends 8 CFR Part 207, and its docket number is USCIS-2026-0397.
The rule shortens the response period for a Notice of Intent to Terminate (NOIT) from 30 days to 10 days. Under revised 8 CFR 207.9, USCIS gives written notice of its intent to terminate refugee status, and the person has 10 days from service of the notice to submit written or oral evidence showing why the status should not be terminated. A response may consist of written evidence, or a timely request for an interview to offer oral testimony.
All calendar days count, including Saturdays, Sundays and federal holidays. If the last day falls on a Saturday, Sunday or federal holiday, the period runs to the next business day. When the notice is served by mail, three days are added under 8 CFR 103.8, making the total response period for mailed notices 13 days, counted from the date of mailing.
The rule applies to people admitted to the United States as refugees through the U.S. Refugee Admissions Program who have not yet adjusted to lawful permanent resident status, where USCIS determines that the person was not a refugee within the meaning of section 101(a)(42) of the Immigration and Nationality Act at the time of admission. When a principal applicant's refugee status is terminated, the refugee status of the spouse and children terminates with it. The regulatory text does not limit its scope to any particular fiscal year of admission. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) stated in the rule that it had identified about 186,000 refugee cases involving admissions in fiscal years 2015 through 2025 that had not yet adjusted status; that figure is the largest pool of cases that could be affected by the rule, not an estimate of how many people will receive an NOIT, and USCIS and other agencies are still identifying the subset to be reviewed.
DHS stated in the rule that shortening the period is intended to restore integrity to the immigration system, reduce national security and public safety risks, and prevent fraud. DHS said prior refugee processing emphasized speed over vetting and in some cases relied on incomplete records, and that a shorter period allows terminations to proceed more quickly. DHS also said the 10-day period still provides an opportunity to respond.
Under the rule, there is no appeal from a USCIS decision terminating refugee status. After termination, USCIS will process the person under sections 235, 240 and 241 of the Immigration and Nationality Act. DHS stated in the rule that the person may seek relief or protection before an immigration judge in later proceedings.
Written comments on the interim final rule must be submitted through the Federal eRulemaking Portal on or before November 13, 2026, referencing docket number USCIS-2026-0397. (Compiled by GSM from the text published in the Federal Register on October 14, 2026)
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于佐治亚州迪卡尔布县北湖地区的美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）办公室外景，标识牌为该局徽记与名称。Photo: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services office, Northlake area, DeKalb County, Georgia. By Gulbenk, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
