FCC拟终止承认中国大陆设备测试实验室：10月29日表决，2028年12月起生效

华盛顿讯——美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）将于10月29日表决一项命令草案：自2028年12月1日起，FCC将只承认位于美国本土以及与美国签有互惠安排的经济体的设备测试实验室与认证机构。中国大陆与美国没有互惠安排，届时在大陆实验室完成的测试将不再被FCC接受，新提交的设备认证申请须改用获承认的实验室；此前已经获批上市的产品不受影响。

FCC主席布伦丹·卡尔（Brendan Carr）10月7日宣布把该草案列入10月29日公开会议议程，草案全文次日公布。据FCC数据，2025年在美国申请授权的电子设备中，82%是在中国大陆的实验室完成测试的，在美国本土实验室测试的不到4%。卡尔表示，美国将“坚持国际商务中的公平与互惠待遇”。Steptoe律所对草案的解读指出，香港与台湾被列入互惠经济体名单，中国大陆不在其列。

这是FCC近年收紧通信供应链安全的又一步。2025年，FCC已禁止数十家由外国对手政府拥有或控制的实验室为美国设备做测试；今年4月，委员会投票推进把限制扩大到所有位于无互惠安排国家的实验室并征求公众意见，本次表决将把该提议转为正式规则。依赖大陆实验室的制造商须在2028年12月之前把测试转移到美国或互惠经济体，即使其产品本身未被列入FCC的“覆盖清单”（Covered List）。

信息来源：FCC 10月7日公告及命令草案；路透社10月7日报道；Steptoe律所草案解读。

FCC to Vote Oct. 29 on Ending Recognition of Mainland China Device Test Labs, Effective December 2028

WASHINGTON — The Federal Communications Commission will vote on October 29 on a draft order that, starting December 1, 2028, would limit FCC recognition of equipment testing laboratories and certification bodies to those in the United States and in economies that have reciprocal arrangements with Washington. Mainland China has no such arrangement, so tests performed there would no longer be accepted for new device authorization applications; products already authorized would not be affected.

FCC Chairman Brendan Carr announced the item on October 7 for the commission's October 29 open meeting, and the draft order was published the next day. According to the FCC, 82 percent of electronic devices that applied for U.S. authorization in 2025 were tested in labs in mainland China, while less than 4 percent were tested in labs inside the United States. Carr said the U.S. will “insist on fair and reciprocal treatment in international commerce.” A Steptoe analysis of the draft notes that Hong Kong and Taiwan are on the list of reciprocal economies, while mainland China is not.

The move is the latest step in the FCC's tightening of communications supply-chain security. In 2025 the FCC barred dozens of labs owned or controlled by foreign adversary governments from testing U.S. devices; in April the commission voted to advance broader restrictions covering all labs in non-reciprocal countries and sought public comment. The October 29 vote would turn that proposal into adopted rules. Manufacturers relying on mainland labs must move testing to the U.S. or a reciprocal economy before December 2028, even if their products are not on the FCC's Covered List.

Sources: FCC announcement and draft order, October 7; Reuters, October 7; Steptoe client alert.

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：美国联邦通信委员会总部大楼 / Headquarters of the U.S. Federal Communications Commission in Washington, D.C. Photo: Ser Amantio di Nicolao, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

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