最高法院再度介入政治广告费率之争：解除下级法院给FCC设定的裁决期限（跟进）
据路透社报道，美国最高法院10月14日再度在政治广告费率争议中站在共和党一方，阻止下级法院强令联邦通信委员会（FCC）在11月3日中期选举前就民主党方面的异议作出裁决。最高法院以一份未署名意见延长了此前对下级法院命令的暂缓执行，理由是法律并未要求FCC必须在某一特定期限内采取行动，由法官介入设定时间表有违三权分立原则。自由派大法官索尼娅·索托马约尔与凯坦吉·布朗·杰克逊表示异议。
争议源于FCC今年3月修改的一项规则。联邦法律原本要求广播电视台在选举期间向「依法取得资格的候选人」提供最低费率；FCC新规把这一优惠扩展到政党委员会。民主党方面向FCC提出异议并提起诉讼，位于Richmond的联邦第四巡回上诉法院指责FCC采取拖延战术，要求其限期处理；首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨此前已暂缓执行该院设定的10月9日期限，最高法院9月也曾裁定上诉法院不得在FCC内部程序完成前封堵新规。FCC发言人对10月14日的裁决表示欢迎，称其符合法律、避免在选举进行期间改动政治广告规则。
本案是本站10月4日「FCC政治广告费率新规诉讼」案件档案的跟进：当时民主党方面的挑战尚待FCC裁定、上诉法院正在催速；10月14日的裁决意味着，选举前由法院强令FCC表态的路径已被堵住，新规在11月3日中期选举期间将继续适用，实体争议仍待FCC内部程序及后续诉讼推进。目前FCC由共和党以2比1占多数，主席为布伦丹·卡尔。
（来源：路透社报道；《今日美国》报道）
Supreme Court Again Intervenes in Political Ad Rate Dispute, Lifting Lower Court's Deadline on the FCC (Follow-Up)
The U.S. Supreme Court again sided with Republicans on October 14 in the dispute over political advertising rates, blocking a lower court from forcing the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to rule on a Democratic challenge before the November 3 midterm elections, according to Reuters. In an unsigned opinion, the court extended a previous pause on the lower court's order, saying the law does not require the FCC to act within a particular timeframe and that judicial involvement would violate the separation of powers. Liberal Justices Sonia Sotomayor and Ketanji Brown Jackson indicated they would have denied the request.
The dispute stems from an FCC rule change in March. Federal law has long required broadcasters, during election periods, to offer their lowest rates to legally qualified candidates; the FCC's new policy extends that discount to party committees. Democrats challenged the change, and the Richmond-based 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals accused the FCC of delay tactics and imposed a deadline; Chief Justice John Roberts had previously lifted the October 9 deadline set by that court, and in September the Supreme Court also ruled that the appeals court could not block the policy before the FCC completed its internal review. An FCC spokesperson welcomed the October 14 decision, calling it right on the law and saying it avoids upending political ad rules in the middle of an election.
This report follows up GSM's October 4 case file on the FCC ad-rate litigation, when the Democratic challenge was still awaiting an FCC ruling and the appeals court was pressing for speed. The October 14 ruling closes the path to a court-ordered FCC decision before the election: the new policy remains in effect through the November 3 midterms, while the underlying dispute continues through the FCC's internal process and further litigation. The FCC currently has a 2-1 Republican majority and is chaired by Brendan Carr.
Sources: Reuters reporting, October 14, 2026; USA Today reporting, October 14, 2026.
来源：路透社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：黄昏时分的美国最高法院大楼（资料图）。图片来源：Wikimedia Commons，Joe Ravi 摄，CC BY-SA 3.0 授权
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