环保署提议全额再分配小型炼厂豁免量：7.7亿个可再生燃料额度拟计入2026与2027年义务
美国环境保护署（EPA）署长李·泽尔丁（Lee Zeldin）10月13日在爱荷华州皮奥斯塔（Peosta）宣布，EPA提议将今年8月批准的小型炼厂豁免量100%再分配，计入炼油商未来年度的可再生燃料掺混义务，以免豁免削减乙醇等可再生燃料的总体需求。
今年8月，EPA批准了29家小型炼厂的豁免申请，其中18家全额豁免、11家部分豁免，合计约17.6亿个可再生燃料识别码（RIN）。本次提案针对其中约7.7亿个额度提出两种再分配方式：平均分摊到2026与2027两个合规年度，或全部计入2027年。公众意见征询至12月4日。
泽尔丁当天在参观代尔斯维尔的乙醇工厂后、在迪比克县农场局宣布这一提案。爱荷华玉米种植者协会称提案向农户与生物燃料生产者发出「强烈的市场信号」，爱荷华州农业厅长迈克·奈格（Mike Naig）称全额再分配是给农户与生产者带来确定性的重要一步。美国石油协会则对提案表示批评。
EPA Proposes Reallocating 100% of Small Refinery Exemptions to Protect Renewable Fuel Volumes
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lee Zeldin announced in Peosta, Iowa, on October 13 that the agency is proposing to reallocate 100 percent of the small refinery exemption volumes it granted in August, adding them back into refiners' renewable fuel blending obligations for future years so the exemptions do not reduce overall demand for ethanol and other renewable fuels.
In August, EPA granted exemptions to 29 small refineries — 18 full and 11 partial — totaling about 1.76 billion Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs). The proposal covers about 770 million of those credits and offers two options: split them evenly between the 2026 and 2027 compliance years, or assign them entirely to 2027. Public comments are open through December 4.
Zeldin announced the proposal at the Dubuque County Farm Bureau after touring an ethanol plant in Dyersville. The Iowa Corn Growers Association said the move sends a strong market signal to farmers and biofuel producers, and Iowa Secretary of Agriculture Mike Naig called full reallocation an important step toward certainty. The American Petroleum Institute criticized the proposal.
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图片来源：图：Big River Resources乙醇工厂内部。摄影：Elizabeth Warren，CC BY 2.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons / Photo: Inside the Big River Resources ethanol plant. Credit: Elizabeth Warren, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
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