特朗普签署行政令与公告收紧 H-1B：雇主裁员记录纳入审查，10 万美元费用延长一年至 2027 年 9 月
2026年9月18日，美国总统特朗普在白宫签署一项行政令与一项总统公告，进一步收紧 H-1B 非移民签证项目的审查：行政令要求国务院、劳工部与国土安全部在处理 H-1B 申请时，把雇主近一年内或计划中的裁员记录纳入考量；公告则把 2025 年第 10973 号公告设定的 10 万美元申请费用再延长 12 个月，至 2027 年 9 月 21 日。
行政令要求国务卿、劳工部长与国土安全部长在办理劳工状况申请、申请书、签证与入境时，与商务部长、教育部长及小企业管理局局长协调，调取工资、就业与产业等数据，并考量担保雇主是否直接或间接在过去一年内裁减过处境相似的美国员工、或计划裁员。劳工部须在令发布后 30 天内开始复查此前提交的劳工状况申请。令文称，H-1B 持有人与可比美国工人的工资差距从 9,000 美元起、最高达 20,000 美元，科技行业雇主在 2022 年至 2026 年间合计裁减了 80 万至 130 万名美国员工，以上数字均为令文自身的表述。
公告称，第 10973 号公告自 2025 年 9 月 21 日生效以来，已有 700 多份申请缴纳了 10 万美元费用；最大的 IT 人力与外包公司合计提交的 H-1B 注册量从 24,946 份降至 2,055 份，下降 92%，领事处理请求下降近 97%，拥有美国硕士学位的注册者占比从 2026 财年的 45.1% 升至 2027 财年的 66.1%。公告据此把入境限制再延一年，国土安全部长认定符合国家利益等例外情形除外。
Trump Signs Order and Proclamation Tightening H-1B: Employer Layoffs to Factor in Reviews, $100,000 Fee Extended to September 2027
On September 18, 2026, President Donald J. Trump signed an executive order and a presidential proclamation at the White House further tightening the H-1B nonimmigrant visa program. The order directs the State, Labor and Homeland Security departments to take employer layoffs into account in H-1B decisions, and the proclamation extends the $100,000 payment first imposed by Proclamation 10973 in 2025 for another 12 months, until September 21, 2027.
Under the executive order, the Secretaries of State, Labor and Homeland Security must coordinate with the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Education and the Small Business Administrator, drawing on wage, employment and industry data, and must consider whether a sponsoring employer directly or indirectly engaged in layoffs of similarly situated U.S. workers within the previous year or plans future layoffs. The Labor Department must begin reviewing previously submitted labor condition applications within 30 days. The order states that the wage gap between H-1B holders and comparable U.S. workers starts at $9,000 and climbs as high as $20,000, and that technology employers laid off between 800,000 and 1.3 million American employees from 2022 through 2026 — figures stated in the order itself.
The proclamation says the $100,000 payment has been made for more than 700 petitions since Proclamation 10973 took effect on September 21, 2025; that the largest IT staffing and outsourcing firms cut their combined H-1B registrations from 24,946 to 2,055, a 92 percent decrease; that consular processing requests fell nearly 97 percent; and that registrants with at least a U.S. master's degree rose from 45.1 percent of the total for fiscal 2026 to 66.1 percent for fiscal 2027. The entry restriction is extended for one year, subject to exceptions such as a national-interest determination by the Secretary of Homeland Security.
Related: 20州起诉10万美元H-1B费用
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：GSM 行政令统一模板（美国总统行政令）
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