特朗普签署第14420号行政令公布儿童疫苗金标准建议，主张家长选择权
2026年8月10日，特朗普总统在白宫签署第14420号行政令，就美国儿童疫苗接种建议提出「金标准」框架。行政令承接2025年12月5日的总统备忘录与2026年5月29日签署的第14407号行政令。
行政令称，卫生与公众服务部（HHS）的评估发现，美国建议儿童接种的疫苗种类多于任何同类国家，接种剂次是部分欧洲国家的两倍多。行政令把疫苗分作三类：第一类建议所有儿童接种，包括麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹、白喉、破伤风、百日咳、脊髓灰质炎、b型流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎球菌、人乳头瘤病毒与水痘疫苗；第二类面向高风险群体，包括呼吸道合胞病毒单克隆抗体、甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎、B型脑膜炎球菌、ACWY型脑膜炎球菌与登革热疫苗；第三类采共同临床决策，包括甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎、轮状病毒、脑膜炎球菌病、流感与新冠疫苗。
行政令提出，麻腮风疫苗在国内有供应后，应拆成三种单病种疫苗分别接种，并尽可能把接种安排在不同的就诊中完成。行政令责成HHS儿童疫苗安全工作组在90天内提交计划，指示司法部长支持对与之冲突的州法律提出的合理挑战，并建议各机构与各州、领地进行检视。
关联：参议院51比44确认Erica Schwartz出任美国疾控中心主任
Trump Signs Executive Order 14420 Setting Gold Standard Childhood Vaccine Recommendations and Parental Choice
On August 10, 2026, President Trump signed Executive Order 14420 at the White House, setting out a "Gold Standard" framework for U.S. childhood vaccine recommendations. The order builds on the Presidential Memorandum of December 5, 2025, and Executive Order 14407 of May 29, 2026.
According to the order, an assessment by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) found that the United States recommends more childhood vaccines than any peer nation, and more than twice as many doses as some European nations. The order places vaccines in three categories: (i) for all children — measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, Hib, pneumococcal, HPV and varicella; (ii) for high-risk groups — RSV monoclonal antibodies, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, meningococcal B, meningococcal ACWY and dengue; and (iii) under shared clinical decision-making — hepatitis A, hepatitis B, rotavirus, meningococcal disease, influenza and COVID-19.
The order states that the MMR vaccine should be given as three separate single-disease shots once domestically available, and that immunizations should be given at separate visits to the maximum extent feasible. It directs the HHS Task Force on Safer Childhood Vaccines to present plans within 90 days, instructs the Attorney General to support meritorious challenges to conflicting state laws, and advises agencies and states and territories to review their practices.
Related: 参议院51比44确认Erica Schwartz出任美国疾控中心主任
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：GSM 行政令统一模板（美国总统行政令）
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
