特朗普签署第14418号行政令，界定不适用出生公民权的子女类别
2026年8月6日，美国总统特朗普在华盛顿签署第14418号行政令《继续保护美国公民身份的意义与价值》。据行政令原文，该令依据最高法院2026年6月30日在「特朗普诉Barbara案」中的判决，列明若干不属于出生公民权规则的子女类别。
行政令规定的政策是：当一名新生儿的父母均非美国公民，且符合下列任一情形时，任何联邦机构不得签发承认其美国公民身份的文件，也不得接受州、地方或其他政府签发的同类文件。这些情形包括：父母一方是外国敌人，包括被认定的外国恐怖组织成员；父母一方是外国政府雇员，包括大使、使领馆本国雇员、以外交身份任职的外国官员与享有国际组织豁免的人员；父母一方曾从事购买或获取出生公民权的商业交易，包括安排孕妇赴美生产或在美国境内使用代孕者生产；以及出生地是联邦法律不赋予公民身份的美国领地或领海。
行政令要求国务卿、司法部长、国土安全部长与社会保障署署长采取措施使各自规章与政策与本令一致，各机构首长须在本令发布30天内发布实施指引。本令的刊行费用由司法部承担。
关联：特朗普签署第14419号行政令打击出生旅游，授权国务院与国土安全部拒签并吊销签证
Trump Signs Executive Order 14418 Defining Categories Outside Birthright Citizenship
On August 6, 2026, President Donald J. Trump signed Executive Order 14418, "Continuing to Protect the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship," in Washington. According to the order, it builds on the Supreme Court's June 30, 2026 decision in Trump v. Barbara and identifies, non-exhaustively, categories of children who do not fall within the rule of birthright citizenship as announced by the Court.
Under the order's policy, no executive department or agency shall issue documents recognizing U.S. citizenship to, or accept documents purporting to recognize citizenship of, a person when neither parent is a citizen and any of the following applies: either parent is an alien enemy, including a member of a designated foreign terrorist organization; either parent is a foreign government employee, including ambassadors, embassy or consulate employees who are nationals of that country, persons employed by a foreign government in an official capacity, and persons with international-organization immunity; either parent engaged in a commercial transaction to purchase or access birthright citizenship, including arranging for the mother or a surrogate to give birth in the United States; or the person is born in a U.S. territory or territorial waters where citizenship is not conferred by federal statute.
The Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Commissioner of Social Security are directed to align their regulations and policies with the order, and agency heads must issue public guidance within 30 days. The costs of publication are borne by the Department of Justice.
Related: 特朗普签署第14419号行政令打击出生旅游，授权国务院与国土安全部拒签并吊销签证
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：GSM 行政令统一模板（美国总统行政令）
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
- 2026-08-06 18:37特朗普签署第14419号行政令打击出生旅游，授权国务院与国土安全部拒签并吊销签证
- 2026-08-06 20:28特朗普签署第14418号行政令，界定不适用出生公民权的子女类别本篇
- 2026-11-14 03:47国务院：打击「出生旅游」已吊销逾6,000张签证，中国公民逾700张
