美联储维持利率3.50%至3.75%不变，11比1通过，通胀预测上调至2.7%
2026年3月18日，美联储联邦公开市场委员会（FOMC）在3月17日至18日的会议后决定，维持联邦基金利率目标区间在3.50%至3.75%不变。表决结果为11比1：理事 Stephen I. Miran 投下反对票，主张本次会议降息25个基点。
声明说，现有指标显示经济活动以稳健步伐扩张，就业增长保持低位，失业率近几个月变化不大，通胀仍略偏高；声明同时指出，中东局势的发展对美国经济的影响并不确定，委员会对实现充分就业与2%通胀目标两侧的风险都保持关注。美联储理事会一致决定，将准备金余额利率维持在3.65%，自3月19日起生效，主要信贷利率维持在3.75%。
同日发布的经济预测摘要上调了通胀预期：与会者对2026年个人消费支出（PCE）通胀的预测中值由去年12月的2.4%升至2.7%，核心 PCE 通胀预测中值由2.5%升至2.7%；2026年实际 GDP 增长预测中值为2.4%（去年12月为2.3%），失业率预测中值为4.4%，联邦基金利率预测中值为3.4%，与去年12月持平。委员会下一次会议定于4月28日至29日举行。
关联：美联储按兵不动，联邦基金利率维持在3.50%至3.75%
Federal Reserve Holds Rates at 3.50% to 3.75% in an 11-1 Vote, Lifting Its 2026 Inflation Projection to 2.7%
On March 18, 2026, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) decided at the conclusion of its March 17-18 meeting to maintain the target range for the federal funds rate at 3.50 to 3.75 percent. The vote was 11 to 1: Governor Stephen I. Miran dissented, preferring to lower the target range by 25 basis points at this meeting.
The statement said available indicators suggest that economic activity has been expanding at a solid pace, job gains have remained low, the unemployment rate has been little changed in recent months, and inflation remains somewhat elevated. It also noted that the implications of developments in the Middle East for the U.S. economy are uncertain and that the Committee is attentive to the risks to both sides of its dual mandate. The Board of Governors voted unanimously to maintain the interest rate paid on reserve balances at 3.65 percent, effective March 19, 2026, and to establish the primary credit rate at the existing level of 3.75 percent.
In the Summary of Economic Projections released the same day, participants raised their inflation outlook: the median projection for PCE inflation in 2026 rose to 2.7 percent from 2.4 percent in December, and the median for core PCE inflation rose to 2.7 percent from 2.5 percent. The median projection for real GDP growth in 2026 was 2.4 percent (2.3 percent in December), for the unemployment rate 4.4 percent, and for the federal funds rate 3.4 percent, unchanged from December. The Committee's next meeting is scheduled for April 28-29, 2026.
Related: Federal Reserve Holds Rates Steady at 3.50% to 3.75% in First Decision of 2026
来源：美联储
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于美国华盛顿的美联储埃克尔斯大楼正面（资料照片）。美联储，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The front of the Eccles Building, headquarters of the Federal Reserve, in Washington, D.C. (file photo). Photo by the Federal Reserve, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
- 2025-09-17 22:51美联储降息25个基点至4%至4.25% 为2025年首次降息
- 2025-12-10 19:25美联储年内第三次降息25个基点，联邦基金利率降至3.50%至3.75%
- 2026-01-28 05:35美联储按兵不动，联邦基金利率维持在3.50%至3.75%
- 2026-03-18 16:58美联储维持利率3.50%至3.75%不变，11比1通过，通胀预测上调至2.7%本篇
