二十国集团峰会首次在非洲举行，领导人宣言在约翰内斯堡通过，美国缺席
2025年11月22日，第二十届二十国集团领导人峰会在南非豪登省约翰内斯堡市开幕，这是二十国集团峰会首次在非洲大陆举行。峰会主席、南非总统拉马福萨在开幕当天即宣布《领导人宣言》获得通过，打破了以往在峰会结束时才通过宣言的惯例。美国抵制本届峰会，特朗普总统没有出席，美方也没有派代表团与会。中国国务院总理李强出席了峰会。
拉马福萨在开幕式上说，宣言的通过向世界传递了一个重要信号：多边主义能够、也正在发挥作用，它给世界带来希望与团结。本届峰会为期两天，主题是「团结、平等、可持续」，宣言开篇援引非洲的乌班图理念，即「我在，因我们在」。
这份共122条的宣言说，与会领导人将致力于在苏丹、刚果民主共和国、巴勒斯坦被占领土和乌克兰实现公正、全面和持久的和平，并谴责一切针对平民和基础设施的袭击。宣言提出加强灾害抵御能力、通过二十国集团《共同框架》帮助低收入国家处理债务问题、推进公正能源转型，指出非洲有6亿多人用不上电，并支持到2030年把全球可再生能源装机增至三倍的目标。宣言还认可了二十国集团关键矿产框架，并欢迎为全球抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金第八轮增资作出的承诺。
宣言结尾说，与会领导人期待二十国集团在2026年美国担任主席国期间继续前行。
G20 Leaders Adopt Declaration at First Summit Held in Africa, With the United States Absent
On November 22, 2025, the 20th G20 Leaders' Summit opened in Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, South Africa, the first G20 summit ever held on the African continent. The summit's chair, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, announced the adoption of the Leaders' Declaration on the opening day, breaking with the tradition of adopting the declaration at a summit's close. The United States boycotted the summit: President Donald J. Trump did not attend and the U.S. sent no delegation. Chinese Premier Li Qiang attended the summit.
Ramaphosa said at the opening that the adoption of the declaration sent an important signal to the world that multilateralism can and does deliver, a message of hope and solidarity. The two-day summit was held under the theme "Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability," and the declaration opens by invoking the African philosophy of Ubuntu, "I am because we are."
The 122-point declaration says the leaders will work for a just, comprehensive and lasting peace in Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Ukraine, and condemns all attacks against civilians and infrastructure. It calls for stronger disaster resilience, for helping low-income countries address debt vulnerabilities through the G20 Common Framework, and for just energy transitions, noting that more than 600 million Africans have no access to electricity, and it supports the goal of tripling global renewable energy capacity. The declaration also endorsed the G20 Critical Minerals Framework and welcomed the commitments to the Eighth Replenishment of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.
The declaration closes by looking forward to continuing the G20's work under the United States Presidency in 2026.
来源：二十国集团约翰内斯堡峰会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：南非约翰内斯堡市中心天际线（资料照片）。Mark Hillary摄，CC BY 2.0，经Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The downtown Johannesburg skyline in South Africa (file photo). By Mark Hillary, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
