特朗普签署第14359号行政令改革寄养制度，第一夫人领衔「培育未来」计划
2025年11月13日，美国总统特朗普在华盛顿签署第14359号行政令《为美国儿童与家庭培育未来》，要求联邦政府改革寄养制度，帮助正在寄养系统中以及年满离院的年轻人获得走向独立所需的工具与机会。行政令说，这项工作由第一夫人梅拉尼娅·特朗普特别领衔。
行政令指出，不少儿童在寄养系统中一待数年，年满离院者常在教育、职业与生活上缺乏支持；社工负担过重、信息系统老旧，也都是现行制度的问题。行政令要求卫生与公众服务部长在180天内更新相关规则，改进各州儿童福利数据的收集与公开，推动各州儿童福利信息系统现代化，并扩大预测分析与超级智能（SI）等技术工具在寄护家庭招募、留任与匹配上的应用。卫生与公众服务部还须每年发布记分卡，评估各州在减少不必要的寄养进入、缩短儿童在寄养中停留时间、加快永久安置等方面的成效。
行政令同时设立「培育未来」计划：卫生与公众服务部须与第一夫人办公室及相关机构协调，与私营部门、学术机构和非营利组织建立伙伴关系，为寄养中和离院年轻人创造教育与就业机会；与国家设计工作室合作推出「培育未来」在线平台，按个人需求连接住房、教育、就业、医疗与导师资源并生成自立计划；把各州退回的联邦资金重新用于离院年轻人的教育与职业发展；并提高教育与培训券的灵活性，扩大短期职业课程的覆盖。
行政令还要求卫生与公众服务部处理州与地方层面不当禁止有宗教信仰者参与联邦资助儿童福利项目的做法，并扩大机构与信仰组织、宗教场所之间的合作，服务寄养儿童家庭。
Trump Signs Executive Order 14359 to Modernize Foster Care, With the First Lady Leading the Fostering the Future Initiative
On November 13, 2025, President Trump signed Executive Order 14359, "Fostering the Future for American Children and Families," in Washington, directing the federal government to modernize the foster care system and give young people in foster care, and those transitioning out of it, the tools and opportunities they need to become successful adults. The order says the work will proceed with special leadership from First Lady Melania Trump.
The order states that children often stay in foster care for years, that those who age out frequently face uncertain futures without support for educational, career and relational success, that many caseworkers are overburdened, and that information systems are often outdated. It directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services, within 180 days, to update regulations to improve the collection and publication of state child welfare data, promote modernization of state child welfare information systems, and expand the use of technological solutions, including predictive analytics and super intelligence (SI) tools, to increase caregiver recruitment and retention and improve matching. The department must also publish an annual scorecard measuring state outcomes such as reducing unnecessary entries into foster care, decreasing the time children spend in foster care and accelerating permanent placement.
The order also establishes the "Fostering the Future" initiative: the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in coordination with the Office of the First Lady and other agencies, is to build partnerships with private sector organizations, academic institutions and nonprofits to create educational and employment opportunities for people in or transitioning out of foster care; develop, with the National Design Studio, an online "Fostering the Future" platform that assesses needs and connects users to housing, education, employment, health care and mentoring resources with customized plans; reallocate funds returned by states to support educational success and occupational advancement for those transitioning out; and increase flexibility in Education and Training Vouchers for short-term, career-focused programs.
The order further directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to address state and local policies that inappropriately bar qualified people and organizations from federally funded child welfare programs because of their religious beliefs, and to increase partnerships with faith-based organizations and houses of worship serving families whose children are in, or at risk of entering, foster care.
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：GSM 行政令统一模板（美国总统行政令）
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