特朗普宣布华盛顿特区犯罪紧急状态 联邦接管特区警务并部署国民警卫队
2025年8月11日，美国总统特朗普在首都华盛顿签署第14333号行政令，宣布华盛顿特区进入犯罪紧急状态，联邦政府接管特区警务，并动员特区国民警卫队协助维持首都治安。
行政令援引《特区自治法》第740条与美国法典第3编第301条，认定特区存在紧急性质的特殊状况，要求市长提供大都会警察局警力供联邦用途，包括维护首都治安、保护联邦建筑、纪念碑与联邦财产、保障联邦政府有序运转，期限为第740条允许的最长期限。
行政令把总统依第740条指挥市长的权力授予司法部长Pam Bondi，市长须按司法部长认为必要适当的范围提供警力；司法部长同时负责监测局势、与相关方协商并向总统报告。行政令列举的数据显示，2024年特区凶杀率为每10万居民27.54人，车辆盗窃率为每10万居民842.4辆，是全国平均水平250.2辆的三倍多。
同日，特朗普还签署题为《恢复华盛顿特区法律与秩序》的总统备忘录，命令国防部长动员特区国民警卫队现役服役，人数按其认为必要的规模，直至总统认定治安状况恢复；备忘录同时要求国防部长与各州州长协调，授权增调其他州的国民警卫队增援。特朗普当天宣布动员约800名特区国民警卫队员。
（来源：白宫）
Trump Declares Crime Emergency in Washington, D.C.: Federal Takeover of District Policing and National Guard Deployment
On August 11, 2025, President Donald Trump signed Executive Order 14333 in Washington, D.C., declaring a crime emergency in the District of Columbia, placing District policing under federal control and mobilizing the D.C. National Guard to help keep order in the capital.
Citing Section 740 of the District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act (the Home Rule Act) and 3 U.S.C. 301, the order found that emergency conditions existed and required the Mayor to provide the services of the Metropolitan Police Department for federal purposes, including maintaining law and order in the District, protecting federal buildings, monuments and property, and ensuring conditions for the orderly functioning of the federal government, for the maximum period allowed under Section 740.
The order delegated the President's Section 740 authority over the Mayor to Attorney General Pam Bondi, with the Mayor required to provide police services to the extent the Attorney General deems necessary and appropriate; the Attorney General is also charged with monitoring the situation, consulting, and reporting to the President. The order cited 2024 District figures of a homicide rate of 27.54 per 100,000 residents and a vehicle theft rate of 842.4 per 100,000, more than three times the national average of 250.2.
The same day, Trump also signed a presidential memorandum, Restoring Law and Order in the District of Columbia, directing the Secretary of Defense to mobilize the D.C. National Guard into active service in such numbers as he deems necessary, until the President determines that conditions of law and order have been restored, and to coordinate with state governors on authorizing additional National Guard reinforcements from other states. Trump announced that day that about 800 D.C. National Guard members would be mobilized.
(Source: The White House)
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：2025年8月11日，特朗普总统在白宫新闻简报室举行记者会，宣布华盛顿特区进入犯罪紧急状态，身后站立者包括司法部长Pam Bondi等官员。白宫官方照片，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: President Donald Trump holds a press conference in the White House briefing room on August 11, 2025, declaring a crime emergency in Washington, D.C., with Attorney General Pam Bondi and other officials standing behind him. Official White House photo, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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