特朗普解职劳工统计局局长McEntarfer 称就业数字被操纵
2025年8月1日上午，美国劳工部下属的劳工统计局在首都华盛顿发布7月就业报告。数小时后，总统特朗普在社交平台发文，宣布已指示团队立即解职该局局长 Erika McEntarfer，称就业数字被操纵。报告显示，7月非农就业只增加7.3万个，5月和6月的增幅合计下修25.8万个。
劳工统计局的报告说，7月失业率为4.2%，失业人口为720万，均与上月大体持平；失业率自2024年5月以来一直保持在4.0%至4.2%的窄幅区间。7月医疗保健行业增加5.5万个岗位，联邦政府减少1.2万个，自今年1月达到峰值以来累计减少8.4万个。私营非农部门平均时薪升至36.44美元，环比涨0.3%，同比涨3.9%。
这次修订的幅度大于往常。5月增幅由14.4万个下修至1.9万个，6月由14.7万个下修至1.4万个，两个月合计比先前公布的数字少25.8万个。劳工统计局说明，月度修订源于企业和政府机构后来补报的数据，以及季节性因素的重新计算。
特朗普在帖文中写道，我们需要准确的就业数字，他已指示团队立即解雇这位由前总统拜登任命的官员，她的继任者将更有能力、更合格；他说，这类重要数字必须公平准确，不能出于政治目的被操纵。特朗普随后又发文称，当天的就业数字被操纵，目的是让共和党和他本人难堪。他还指称 McEntarfer 在2024年大选前夸大了就业增幅。特朗普没有提出数据被操纵的证据。他当天对记者表示，他解职她是因为认为她的数字是错的。
劳工部长 Lori Chavez-DeRemer 当天在社交平台表示，她完全赞同总统的看法，就业数字必须公平、准确，绝不能出于政治目的被操纵。她宣布，副局长 William Wiatrowski 将担任代理局长，劳工部将着手遴选正式继任者。
McEntarfer 是劳工统计局第16任局长。她由拜登于2023年提名，2024年1月经参议院以86票对8票确认，任期四年，原定到2028年。她在联邦政府任职二十多年，此前在人口普查局和财政部担任经济学家。特朗普第一个任期内任命的前局长 William Beach 公开表示，这次解职毫无根据，开创了危险的先例，损害该局的统计使命。
（来源：美国劳工部）
Trump Fires BLS Commissioner Erika McEntarfer, Saying Jobs Numbers Were Rigged
On the morning of August 1, 2025, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), part of the U.S. Department of Labor, released the July employment report in Washington, D.C. Hours later, President Donald Trump announced in a social media post that he had directed his team to fire the bureau's commissioner, Erika McEntarfer, saying the jobs numbers had been manipulated. The report showed that nonfarm payrolls rose by only 73,000 in July, while the gains for May and June were revised down by a combined 258,000.
The BLS report put the July unemployment rate at 4.2 percent, with 7.2 million people unemployed, both little changed from June; the unemployment rate has remained in a narrow range of 4.0 to 4.2 percent since May 2024. Health care added 55,000 jobs in July, while federal government employment fell by 12,000 and is down 84,000 since its peak in January. Average hourly earnings for private nonfarm workers rose 0.3 percent to $36.44, up 3.9 percent from a year earlier.
The revisions were larger than usual. May's gain was revised down by 125,000, from 144,000 to 19,000, and June's down by 133,000, from 147,000 to 14,000, leaving the two months a combined 258,000 lower than previously reported. The bureau notes that monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.
In his post, Trump wrote that the country needs accurate jobs numbers and that he had directed his team to fire the Biden appointee immediately, saying she would be replaced with someone much more competent and qualified, and that important numbers like this must be fair and accurate and cannot be manipulated for political purposes. In a follow-up post, Trump said the day's jobs numbers were rigged to make Republicans and himself look bad, and he accused McEntarfer of overstating job growth before the 2024 election. He offered no evidence that the data had been manipulated. Speaking to reporters the same day, Trump said he fired her because he believed her numbers were wrong.
Labor Secretary Lori Chavez-DeRemer said on social media that day that she agreed wholeheartedly with the president that jobs numbers must be fair, accurate and never manipulated for political purposes. She announced that Deputy Commissioner William Wiatrowski would serve as acting commissioner while the department searched for a permanent replacement.
McEntarfer was the bureau's 16th commissioner. Nominated by President Joe Biden in 2023 and confirmed by the Senate 86 to 8 in January 2024 to a four-year term that would have run to 2028, she had served in the federal government for more than 20 years, including as an economist at the Census Bureau and the Treasury Department. William Beach, a former commissioner appointed by Trump in his first term, said publicly that the firing was groundless, set a dangerous precedent and undermined the bureau's statistical mission.
(Source: U.S. Department of Labor)
来源：美国劳工部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于华盛顿特区的美国劳工部总部 Frances Perkins 大楼正门，门楣刻有 DEPARTMENT OF LABOR 字样，劳工统计局隶属劳工部。美国劳工部摄，CC BY 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The entrance of the Frances Perkins Building, headquarters of the U.S. Department of Labor in Washington, D.C.; the Bureau of Labor Statistics is part of the department. Photo by the U.S. Department of Labor, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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