特朗普致函巴西总统卢拉：8月1日起对巴西商品加征50%关税
2025年7月9日，美国总统特朗普公布致巴西总统 Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva 的信函，宣布自8月1日起对全部巴西输美商品加征50%关税，并称该税率独立于各项行业关税之外。巴西是美国在南美洲的重要贸易伙伴，此函是特朗普当周向多国发出关税信函中税率最高的一封。
信函把加税部分归因于巴西对选举的干预与对美国人言论自由权利的侵害，并直接提及巴西前总统 Jair Bolsonaro 正在受审一事，写道这场审判本不应发生。特朗普还在信中表示，若巴西方面提高关税报复，美方将在50%的基础上再按其提高幅度叠加。
信函同时宣布，特朗普已指示美国贸易代表 Jamieson Greer 对巴西启动301调查，调查范围包括巴西针对美国企业的数字贸易等贸易做法。
同日，特朗普还向另外七国发出信函：菲律宾输美商品税率为20%，文莱与摩尔多瓦为25%，阿尔及利亚、伊拉克、利比亚与斯里兰卡为30%，均自8月1日起执行。
卢拉当晚回应称，任何单方面提高关税的措施都将按巴西《经济互惠法》处置，该法允许巴西对损害其竞争力的国家中止贸易、投资与知识产权方面的安排。巴西副总统 Geraldo Alckmin 等官员当晚在巴西利亚召开紧急会议商讨应对。
关联：特朗普签署第14326号行政令再修对等关税税率 8月7日生效
（来源：白宫）
Trump Writes to Brazil's Lula: 50% Tariff on Brazilian Goods From August 1
On July 9, 2025, President Donald Trump released a letter to Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva announcing a 50% tariff on all Brazilian products sent into the United States starting August 1, separate from all sectoral tariffs. Brazil is a major U.S. trading partner in South America, and the letter carried the highest rate among the tariff letters Trump sent that week.
The letter attributed the levy in part to what it called Brazil's insidious attacks on free elections and on the fundamental free speech rights of Americans, and it referred directly to the trial of former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, writing that the trial should not be taking place. Trump also wrote that if Brazil raised its tariffs in retaliation, the United States would add the same amount on top of the 50%.
The letter also announced that Trump had directed U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer to initiate a Section 301 investigation into Brazil's trade practices, including its treatment of U.S. companies' digital trade.
The same day, Trump sent letters to seven other countries: 20% for the Philippines, 25% for Brunei and Moldova, and 30% for Algeria, Iraq, Libya and Sri Lanka, all effective August 1.
Lula responded that evening that any unilateral measure to raise tariffs would be addressed in light of Brazil's Law of Economic Reciprocity, which allows Brazil to suspend trade, investment and intellectual property arrangements with countries that harm its competitiveness. Vice President Geraldo Alckmin and other officials held an emergency meeting in Brasilia that night.
Related: Trump Signs Executive Order 14326 Further Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates, Effective August 7
(Source: The White House)
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：白宫北立面近景，前景为北草坪喷泉与花坛。2025年7月9日公布的对巴西关税信函出自白宫。AgnosticPreachersKid 摄，CC BY-SA 3.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The north facade of the White House, with the North Lawn fountain and flower beds in the foreground. The July 9, 2025 tariff letter to Brazil was released by the White House. Photo by AgnosticPreachersKid, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
- 2025-07-09 13:26特朗普致函巴西总统卢拉：8月1日起对巴西商品加征50%关税本篇
- 2025-07-10 13:26特朗普致函加拿大总理卡尼：8月1日起对加关税升至35%
