星舰第七次试飞：超重型助推器第二次被发射塔捕获、飞船升空约八分半后失联解体
2025年1月16日，SpaceX 的星舰（Starship）在得克萨斯州卡梅伦县的星舰基地（Starbase）完成第七次综合试飞。这是星舰在 2025 年的第一次试飞，目标是重复发射与回收这款全球最强大运载火箭的成功，同时让经过重新设计与升级的星舰飞船接受一系列严格的飞行演示考验。
当天下午 4 时 37 分（中部时间），星舰点火升空，超重型助推器与飞船上的 33 台猛禽发动机全部工作、上升过程正常。热分离成功后，助推器转入返回点火，计划点火的 13 台猛禽发动机中有 12 台重新点火，开始返回发射场。
随后，助推器再次点燃全部 13 台中圈与中心猛禽发动机执行着陆点火——包括那台在返回点火时没有点着的发动机——减速并机动至发射与回收塔的塔臂之间，被塔臂成功捕获。这是超重型助推器第二次被发射塔捕获回收。
飞船部分则未能完成预定飞行。级间分离后，星舰上级点燃全部六台猛禽发动机执行上升点火、进入太空，但在点火完成前，飞行约八分半钟时与飞船的遥测中断。SpaceX 表示，初步数据显示飞船尾部发生起火，导致飞船快速非计划解体。
SpaceX 表示，星舰全程在指定的发射走廊内飞行——美国所有发射都如此安排，以保障地面、水面与空中的公众安全；任何存留的碎片都会落在飞行前已与联邦航空管理局（FAA）及空中交通管制方共享的预定区域内。该公司正与特克斯和凯科斯群岛政府及英国方面密切合作开展回收与清理；碎片中不含危险材料，预计不会对海洋物种或水质造成重大影响。
SpaceX 表示，数据审查已经展开，公司将与 FAA 协调进行彻底调查、找出根本原因，并在后续星舰试飞中采取纠正措施。第八次试飞所用的飞船与助推器已经建成，正在进行发射前测试。
（来源：SpaceX）
Starship's Seventh Flight Test: Super Heavy Booster Caught by Tower for a Second Time as Ship Is Lost About Eight and a Half Minutes After Liftoff
On January 16, 2025, SpaceX's Starship completed its seventh integrated flight test from Starbase in Cameron County, Texas. It was Starship's first flight test of 2025, aiming to repeat the previous success of launching and catching the world's most powerful launch vehicle while putting a redesigned and upgraded Starship through a rigorous set of flight demonstrations.
Starship lifted off at 4:37 p.m. Central Time, with all 33 Raptor engines on the Super Heavy booster and the ship powering a nominal ascent. Following a successful hot-stage separation, the booster transitioned to its boostback burn, relighting 12 of the planned 13 Raptor engines to begin its return to the launch site.
The booster then relit all 13 planned middle-ring and center Raptor engines for its landing burn — including the engine that had not relit for the boostback burn — slowed down and maneuvered itself to the launch and catch tower arms, resulting in the second successful catch of a Super Heavy booster.
The ship, however, did not complete its flight. After stage separation, the Starship upper stage lit all six of its Raptor engines and performed its ascent burn to space, but before the burn was complete, telemetry was lost with the vehicle after approximately eight and a half minutes of flight. SpaceX said initial data indicated a fire developed in the aft section of the ship, leading to a rapid unscheduled disassembly.
SpaceX said Starship flew within its designated launch corridor, as all U.S. launches do to safeguard the public on the ground, on water and in the air, and that any surviving debris would have fallen within areas identified in pre-flight analysis shared in advance with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and air traffic controllers. The company said it was working closely with the government of Turks and Caicos and the United Kingdom on recovery and cleanup, that there were no hazardous materials in the debris, and that no significant impacts to marine species or water quality were expected.
SpaceX said a data review was already under way, and that it would conduct a thorough investigation in coordination with the FAA, determine the root cause and implement corrective actions on future flight tests. The ship and booster for the eighth flight test, it said, were already built and going through prelaunch testing.
(Source: SpaceX)
来源：SpaceX
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：星舰飞船与超重型助推器在得克萨斯州星舰基地发射台全栈竖立（资料图，2023年4月摄）。（Jenny Hautmann 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons） / Photo: The Starship vehicle and Super Heavy booster stacked on the orbital launch mount at Starbase, Texas (file photo, April 2023). (Jenny Hautmann, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)
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