纽森宣布加州进入禽流感紧急状态：疫情扩散至南加奶牛场
美国加利福尼亚州州长 Gavin Newsom 12月18日在州府 Sacramento 宣布全州进入紧急状态，以简化和加快州政府应对甲型禽流感（H5N1，俗称「禽流感」）的行动。此前，南加州多家奶牛场的奶牛被检出感染禽流感，州政府决定把应对策略由区域围堵提升为全州监测与应对。
据州长办公室与同日签署的紧急状态公告，禽流感病毒已在全美16个州的奶牛中传播，2024年3月首次在得克萨斯州与堪萨斯州确认检出。加州于2024年8月30日在中央谷地一头奶牛身上首次确认感染；自8月30日至12月初，中央谷地9个县共有641家奶牛场确认检出。12月12日，南加州4家奶牛场的奶牛检测呈阳性，成为州长宣布全州紧急状态的直接原因。公告依据《加州紧急服务法》、特别是州政府法典第8625条发布，将让州与地方机构在人员调配、采购签约等方面获得更大灵活性。
州长办公室表示，截至当时，加州尚未发现禽流感人传人，感染者几乎都有与病牛接触的经历；全美当时共报告61例确诊人感染病例、分布在7个州，其中加州34例。加州已建立全美规模最大的禽流感检测与监测系统。
Newsom 表示，这项公告是一项有针对性的行动，目的是确保政府机构拥有快速应对疫情所需的资源与灵活性；加州将依托全美最大的检测与监测系统，继续保护公众健康、支持农业，并确保民众获得准确、及时的信息；公众面临的风险目前仍低，但州政府会继续采取一切必要步骤防止病毒传播。
州政府介绍，加州公共卫生厅、食品与农业厅、州长紧急服务办公室等机构正跨部门协作应对奶牛与家禽养殖场的疫情，包括向奶牛场高风险工人分发数百万件个人防护装备、为农业工人提供额外的季节性流感疫苗，并与联邦疾病控制与预防中心、食品药品管理局和农业部协同监测调查。（来源：加利福尼亚州州长办公室）
Governor Newsom Proclaims a State of Emergency in California as Bird Flu Spreads to Southern California Dairies
California Governor Gavin Newsom proclaimed a statewide State of Emergency in Sacramento on December 18 to streamline and expedite the state's response to Avian influenza A (H5N1), commonly known as bird flu. The proclamation followed the detection of bird flu in dairy cows at Southern California farms, prompting the state to shift from regional containment to statewide monitoring and response.
According to the Governor's Office and the emergency proclamation signed the same day, the virus has spread among dairy cattle in 16 states, following its first confirmed detection in Texas and Kansas in March 2024. California confirmed its first case in a Central California dairy cow on August 30, 2024; between August 30 and early December, 641 dairies across nine Central California counties confirmed positive tests. On December 12, dairy cows at four Southern California dairies tested positive, the immediate development behind the statewide proclamation. Issued under the California Emergency Services Act, in particular Government Code section 8625, the proclamation gives state and local agencies additional flexibility around staffing, contracting and other rules.
The Governor's Office said that, to date, no person-to-person spread of bird flu had been detected in California and nearly all infected individuals had exposure to infected cattle. Nationwide, 61 confirmed human cases had been reported across seven states, including 34 in California. California has established the largest testing and monitoring system in the nation to respond to the outbreak.
Newsom said the proclamation is a targeted action to ensure government agencies have the resources and flexibility they need to respond quickly to the outbreak, adding that, building on California's testing and monitoring system, the state is committed to further protecting public health, supporting the agriculture industry and ensuring Californians have access to accurate, up-to-date information, and that while the risk to the public remains low, the state will continue to take all necessary steps to prevent the spread of the virus.
State officials said the California Department of Public Health, the California Department of Food and Agriculture, the Governor's Office of Emergency Services and other agencies are mounting a cross-agency response at dairy and poultry farms, including distributing millions of pieces of personal protective equipment to high-risk dairy workers, providing additional seasonal flu vaccine doses to agriculture workers, and coordinating surveillance with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. (Source: Office of the Governor of California)
来源：加利福尼亚州州长办公室
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：加利福尼亚州一家奶牛场内，饲料车为奶牛投喂饲料。美国农业部自然资源保护局供图，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: A feed truck delivers feed to dairy cows at a California dairy farm. Photo courtesy of the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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