德州采纳保险鉴估新规 车险与住宅保单须含鉴估条款
德克萨斯州保险厅（TDI）宣布，保险专员 Amanda Crawford 已签署第2026-10210号专员令，正式采纳保险鉴估新规。新规以《德州行政法典》第28编第5.9800至5.9806条发布，11月24日生效，要求个人汽车保险和住宅财产保险保单必须包含合规的鉴估条款。
这套规则落实的是德州议会2025年通过的第458号参议院法案（SB 458）。该法案在议会两院一致通过，新增《保险法典》第1813章，规定当投保人与保险公司就损失金额发生争议时，可以通过鉴估程序定损；鉴估只决定损失金额，不涉及承保范围之争。
按新规，争议双方各自委任一名鉴估师，两名鉴估师再共同选定一名公断人；若两人无法就公断人人选达成一致，任何一方都可以请求法院指派。保单可以提供通过独立供应商选任公断人的选项，但只有投保人有权启用这一选项，保险公司不能单方面启用。
新规还细化了时限：以汽车保险索赔为例，双方一般须在提出鉴估要求后20天内各自委任鉴估师，鉴估师有40天时间尝试就损失金额达成一致；启动鉴估的最后期限与保单规定的起诉时效届满挂钩。规则制定过程中，TDI 共收到204名评论者的意见，2026年6月2日的听证会上有18人作证，公断人选任办法正是根据公众意见修改的。
新规适用于2027年3月1日当天或之后在德州交付、签发或续保的相关保单；在此之前签发的保单，仍按保单自身的鉴估条款处理。
（来源：德克萨斯州保险厅）
Texas Adopts Insurance Appraisal Rules for Auto and Home Policies
The Texas Department of Insurance (TDI) announced that Commissioner of Insurance Amanda Crawford has adopted new insurance appraisal rules in Commissioner's Order No. 2026-10210. Published as Title 28, Texas Administrative Code, Sections 5.9800-5.9806, the rules take effect on Nov. 24 and require personal auto and residential property policies to include a compliant appraisal provision.
The rules implement Senate Bill 458, passed unanimously by the Texas Legislature in 2025, which added Chapter 1813 to the Insurance Code. Under the statute, when a policyholder and an insurer dispute the amount of a loss, the amount can be settled through appraisal — a process that determines only the amount of loss, not coverage.
Under the rules, each side appoints an appraiser, and the two appraisers select an umpire. If they cannot agree on an umpire, either party may ask a court to appoint one. A policy may offer a vendor-based umpire-selection option, but only the policyholder may invoke it; the insurer cannot.
The rules also set deadlines. For auto claims, each party generally must appoint its appraiser within 20 days of an appraisal demand, and the appraisers have 40 days to try to agree on the amount of loss; the deadline to demand appraisal is tied to the expiration of the policy's limitations period for filing suit. TDI received comments from 204 commenters during rulemaking, 18 people testified at a hearing on June 2, 2026, and the umpire-selection provision was revised in response to public comment.
The requirements apply to covered policies delivered, issued for delivery or renewed in Texas on or after March 1, 2027. For policies issued before that date, the policy's own appraisal provision continues to control.
(Source: Texas Department of Insurance)
来源：德克萨斯州保险厅
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图片来源：Wikimedia Commons，位于 Austin 的德克萨斯州议会大厦（LoneStarMike 摄，CC BY 3.0）
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