小鼠脾脏CD45阳性红系细胞带有抗原呈递细胞转录特征：《科学报告》11月13日刊出，MHC二类模块表达与单核细胞相当
《科学报告》11月13日刊出一项小鼠免疫学研究，刻画成年小鼠脾脏中 CD45 阳性红系细胞的免疫相关分子特征。这类细胞是已在小鼠与人体中描述过的一类红系细胞群体，但其在成年脾脏中的分子特征此前并不完整。论文于2026年6月24日投稿、10月29日接受、11月13日刊出，数字对象标识为 10.1038/s41598-026-78959-4，作者包括 Kirill Nazarov、Saleh Alrhmoun 与 Olga Perik-Zavodskaia 等。
研究综合使用了流式细胞术、转录组、空间转录组与表观遗传等方法。流式分析区分了 CD45 阳性与 CD45 阴性的 Ter119 阳性红系细胞，并发现一组免疫调节分子，包括半乳糖凝集素-3、半乳糖凝集素-9、CXCR4、PD-L1 以及细胞因子 MCP-1 与 TGF-β1，由 CD45 阳性部分表达，而在 CD45 阴性红系细胞中基本缺失。
单细胞 RNA 测序显示，CD45 阳性红系细胞带有免疫相关的转录程序，包括 MHC 二类抗原呈递、抗菌与免疫调节相关基因。其 MHC 二类相关模块的表达水平达到了与单核细胞相当的程度，计算分析还预测了其与 T 细胞群体之间可能存在与 MHC 二类相关的通讯。
空间转录组结果显示，CD45 阳性红系细胞主要定位于脾脏红髓。研究团队据此总结，这类细胞带有一组可重复的、具有免疫相关性的类抗原呈递细胞基因特征。
这项研究得到俄罗斯科学基金会项目 No. 25-25-00339 的支持。论文研究对象为小鼠脾脏细胞，研究结论属于基础研究层面的分子特征描述；这些特征是否同样存在于人体红系细胞，论文未作人体验证。
Murine Splenic CD45-Positive Erythroid Cells Carry Antigen-Presenting Cell Transcriptomic Signature, With MHC Class II Module Comparable to Monocytes, Published in Scientific Reports on November 13
Scientific Reports published on November 13 a mouse immunology study characterizing the immune-associated molecular features of CD45-positive erythroid cells in the adult spleen. These cells are an erythroid population described in mice and humans, but their molecular characteristics in the adult spleen had remained incompletely defined. The paper was received on June 24, 2026, accepted on October 29, 2026 and published on November 13, with digital object identifier 10.1038/s41598-026-78959-4. Authors include Kirill Nazarov, Saleh Alrhmoun and Olga Perik-Zavodskaia.
The researchers combined cytometric, transcriptomic, spatial and epigenetic approaches. Flow cytometry resolved CD45-positive and CD45-negative Ter119-positive erythroid cells and showed that a coordinated panel of immunoregulatory molecules, including Galectin-3, Galectin-9, CXCR4, PD-L1 and the cytokines MCP-1 and TGF-β1, was expressed by the CD45-positive fraction but was largely absent from CD45-negative erythroid cells.
Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed immune-associated transcriptional programs in CD45-positive erythroid cells, including MHC class II antigen presentation, antimicrobial and immunoregulatory genes. Expression of the MHC class II-associated module reached levels comparable to those observed in monocytes, and computational analysis predicted potential MHC-II-associated communication with T-cell populations.
Spatial transcriptomics localized CD45-positive erythroid cells predominantly to the splenic red pulp. The team concluded that the cells show a reproducible immune-associated, antigen-presenting-cell-like gene signature.
The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 25-25-00339. The study examined cells from mouse spleens, and its conclusions are a molecular characterization at the basic research level. Whether the same features are present in human erythroid cells was not tested in the paper.
来源：《科学报告》
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：红细胞扫描电子显微镜图像。作者与授权：Rick Fairhurst、Jordan Zuspann，美国国家过敏与传染病研究所（NIAID），公共领域，维基共享资源。 / Photo: Scanning electron micrograph of red blood cells. Credit: Rick Fairhurst and Jordan Zuspann, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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