小岛屿国家拟以侨汇设立气候韧性基金：目标每年筹集约 30 亿美元，侨汇总额约 220 亿美元、2010 年至 2023 年年均增长 7%
一组小岛屿国家计划设立一个以侨汇收费为支撑的基金，目标是最终每年筹集约 30 亿美元，用于降低本国面对气候变化时的脆弱性。
这一数额将超过它们在 2021 年至 2022 年获得的约 20 亿美元国际公共适应资金，数字出自非营利研究机构气候政策倡议 2025 年的一项研究。
各国代表正在土耳其地中海城市安塔利亚参加 COP31 气候谈判，会议持续到下周末，与会方试图就增加适应资金达成办法，小岛屿发展中国家集团表示不能再等待国际融资辩论给出更多帮助。
安提瓜和巴布达常驻联合国大使沃尔顿·韦布森说，他们决定必须找到保证岛屿获得更可靠资金来源的办法，不能再只依赖发展援助，并说他们正在尝试自己创建这一机制。
该计划拟对汇款人每笔交易收取 3%，低于所研究市场 5% 至 9% 的平均成本，扣除成本后每笔交易的 2 至 2.5 个百分点进入基金作为永久本金投资，基准情形预期回报为 6.5%，回报的 85% 用于韧性措施，其余留作灾害储备。
按小岛屿国家集团提供的数据，移居海外的岛民侨汇总额约 220 亿美元，2010 年至 2023 年复合年增长率为 7%，计划目标是在运行第十年覆盖其中约三分之一，第一阶段纳入多米尼加共和国、海地、牙买加与圭亚那，第二年纳入斐济、萨摩亚与汤加，第三年纳入科摩罗、佛得角与毛里求斯。
Small Island States Aim to Raise About 3 Billion Dollars a Year From Remittances for Climate Resilience, on Flows of About 22 Billion Dollars That Grew 7 Percent a Year From 2010 to 2023
A group of small island states aims to create a fund backed by a charge on money that islanders receive from abroad, to eventually raise around 3 billion dollars a year for projects to make their nations less vulnerable to climate change.
That would exceed the roughly 2 billion dollars in international public adaptation finance they received in 2021 to 2022, according to a 2025 study by the non-profit research group the Climate Policy Initiative.
Country representatives meeting until the end of next week in the Mediterranean city of Antalya in Turkey for COP31 climate talks are trying to agree ways to increase funding for adaptation to a warming world, and representatives of Small Island Developing States have decided they cannot wait for the long-running international debate on financing to deliver more help.
Antigua and Barbuda United Nations ambassador Walton Webson said they decided there had to be a way to guarantee more reliable sources of funding for the islands, that they cannot rely solely on development assistance again, and that they are now trying to create their own.
The platform would charge senders 3 percent per transaction, lower than average costs of around 5 percent to 9 percent across the markets studied, and after costs, 2 to 2.5 percentage points of each transaction would enter the fund, be held as an endowment and invested, seeking base-case returns of 6.5 percent, with 85 percent of the returns spent on resilience measures and the rest held as a disaster reserve.
Total remittances from islanders who have emigrated were around 22 billion dollars and grew at a compound annual rate of 7 percent between 2010 and 2023, according to numbers provided by the Small Island Developing States group, and the plan aims to capture about a third of that total by its tenth year, with a first phase drawing on remittances to the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica and Guyana in year one, Fiji, Samoa and Tonga in year two, and Comoros, Cabo Verde and Mauritius in year three.
来源：路透社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：太平洋小岛屿国家基里巴斯的阿拉努卡环礁（资料图），小岛屿国家正拟以侨汇设立气候韧性基金。NASA，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Aranuka Atoll in Kiribati, a Pacific small island state (file photo); small island states plan to fund climate resilience with remittances. By NASA, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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