联邦通信委员会「清洁购物车」行动满一年：电商平台已拦截或下架逾1800万条违规设备刊登
华盛顿 — 美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）11月13日宣布，其执法局当天发布公共通告，总结「清洁购物车行动」（Operation Clean Carts）运行一年多来的成果，并公布一份给电商平台的详细最佳实践清单。
FCC 表示，联邦法律禁止销售或推广其「覆盖清单」（Covered List）上的部分电子设备，因为这些设备被认定构成国家安全风险，电商平台上的销售同样在禁止之列。自委员会主席 Brendan Carr 宣布该行动启动以来，FCC 一直与主要电商公司合作，清理平台上的这类设备刊登。
据 FCC 通报，过去一年，参与行动的平台共报告拦截或移除了超过 1,800 万条刊登，涉及受「覆盖清单」限制的设备以及其他依委员会规定被禁止销售的设备。部分平台还对超过 125,000 名试图绕过平台合规机制的第三方卖家采取了内部处置措施。
同日发布的最佳实践共九项，分三大支柱：自动检测与受理系统，包括用大型语言模型与机器学习扫描标题、描述与图片、识别故意拼错与代称，并核验产品照片中的 FCC 识别码；商家核验与入驻管控，包括收集供应商符合性声明的美国责任方信息、对来自外国对手国家的高风险新卖家设置例如 90 天的观察期并限制刊登量，以及对华为、中兴、卡巴斯基实验室等被绝对禁止的实体在搜索层面直接拦截；售后监测与全周期执法，包括按合规风险分数触发人工复核、让无法核验的刊登自动下架，以及对被下架产品与卖家设置持续性的重复上架拦截。FCC 说明，这些做法属自愿性质，平台也可以用其他方式证明合规。
Carr 表示，该行动确保「覆盖清单」上的不安全设备不会在美国被非法网售，此次宣布的 1,800 万条刊登移除，进一步增进了美国民众与通信网络的安全。
（来源：美国联邦通信委员会）
FCC Says Clean Carts' First Year Blocked or Removed More Than 18 Million Listings for Prohibited Devices
WASHINGTON — The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced on November 13 that its Enforcement Bureau had released a Public Notice highlighting more than a year of Operation Clean Carts and publishing a detailed list of best practices for e-commerce platforms.
Federal law prohibits the sale or marketing, including on e-commerce platforms, of certain electronic equipment on the agency's Covered List because the devices have been found to pose national security risks. Since Chairman Brendan Carr first announced the operation, the FCC has worked with leading e-commerce companies to rid their platforms of such devices, the agency said.
Over the past year, participating platforms reported blocking or removing more than 18 million listings for devices subject to the Covered List restrictions or otherwise prohibited under the Commission's regulations. Certain platforms also took internal enforcement actions against more than 125,000 third-party sellers who tried to circumvent platform compliance mechanisms.
The nine voluntary best practices fall under three pillars: automated detection and intake systems, including large-language-model and machine-learning scanning of titles, descriptions and images and validation of FCC IDs; merchant verification and onboarding controls, including collecting U.S. responsible-party information, probationary periods for high-risk new sellers from foreign adversary nations, and query-level blocks on absolutely prohibited entities such as Huawei, ZTE and Kaspersky Lab; and post-market monitoring and lifecycle enforcement, including human review triggered by compliance scores, automatic suppression of unverifiable listings, and persistent relisting blocks. The FCC said the practices are voluntary and platforms may demonstrate compliance by other means.
Carr said the operation ensures that insecure devices on the Covered List are not illicitly sold online in America, and that the removal of 18 million listings advances the security of the American people and their networks.
(Source: U.S. Federal Communications Commission)
来源：美国联邦通信委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）主席 Brendan Carr 官方肖像（公共领域，预裁 16:9）。 / Photo: Official portrait of FCC Chairman Brendan Carr (public domain, pre-cropped to 16:9).
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