西班牙10月通胀定格4.9%：国家统计局确认与9月持平，交通价格涨10.3%、住房涨7.6%
西班牙国家统计局11月13日公布10月消费价格指数定值：全国消费价格同比上涨4.9%，与9月持平，连续第三个月高于4%，为2023年2月以来的最高水平；环比上涨0.6%。剔除未加工食品与能源的核心通胀同比为3.1%，与9月相同。用于国际比较的调和消费价格指数同比上涨4.9%，比9月低0.1个百分点。
分项看，交通价格同比上涨10.3%，仍是涨幅最大的一项，但受个人车辆燃油与润滑油价格回落影响，涨幅比9月收窄0.2个百分点；住房一项同比上涨7.6%，比9月高0.4个百分点，主要由燃气价格上涨推动；食品与非酒精饮料同比上涨2.4%，比9月低0.3个百分点，其中10月单月食品价格上涨1.2%，水果、蔬菜与海鲜涨价明显。
各自治区通胀率均为正值：卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂、卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼恰与加利西亚最高，同为5.3%；安达卢西亚最低，为4.4%。国家统计局同日公布的租金参考指数10月升至2.57%，再创该指数设立以来新高。通胀与住房成本正是11月11日全国大罢工与当前大选竞选的核心议题。
（来源：西班牙国家统计局）
Spain's Inflation Confirmed at 4.9% for October: Transport Prices Up 10.3%, Housing Up 7.6%
Spain's National Statistics Institute (INE) published the final consumer price figures for October on November 13: prices rose 4.9% year on year, the same rate as in September, a third straight month above 4% and the highest level since February 2023. Prices rose 0.6% from September. Core inflation, excluding unprocessed food and energy, was 3.1%, unchanged from September. The harmonised index used for international comparisons rose 4.9% year on year, one tenth less than in September.
By category, transport prices rose 10.3% year on year — still the steepest increase, though 0.2 points lower than in September as fuel and lubricant prices for personal vehicles eased. Housing costs rose 7.6%, 0.4 points more than in September, driven mainly by gas prices. Food and non-alcoholic drinks rose 2.4%, 0.3 points less than in September, with food prices up 1.2% in October alone on dearer fruit, vegetables and seafood.
Inflation was positive in every autonomous community: Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha and Galicia posted the highest rates, all at 5.3%, while Andalucía was lowest at 4.4%. The rent reference index published by INE the same day rose to 2.57% in October, a new record for the series. Inflation and housing costs are central issues in both the November 11 general strike and the ongoing election campaign.
(Source: National Statistics Institute of Spain (INE))
来源：西班牙国家统计局
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图片来源：图：马德里圣米格尔市场的水果摊。Roy Luck 摄，CC BY 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: A fruit stall at Madrid's San Miguel Market. By Roy Luck, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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