古巴哈瓦那慈善食堂排起长队：一盒鸡蛋要价3200比索，约等于退休者一个月的养老金
古巴首都哈瓦那市中心，由慈善机构基西夸巴协会（Asociación Quisicuaba）运营的一家社区食堂门外，每晚都有数百人排队等候，有人在人行道上睡下，等待的可能是他们一天里唯一的一餐。美联社记者近日在哈瓦那采访时看到，食堂早上7时开门后，人们拿着编号的塑料容器涌入，领取米饭、鸡蛋与面食，有时还有一点鸡肉。
71岁的退休者 Fernando Fernández 是这里的常客，他做过厨师和保安，如今独自前来，80岁的妻子 Josefa 因病留在家中。老两口靠妻子每月3200古巴比索的养老金过活，折合3美元多一点，再加上食堂的接济。Fernández 对美联社说：「我们的日子过得非常艰难。」
美联社报道说，随着古巴长期的经济衰退加深，美国的能源限制、通货膨胀与政府资源萎缩叠加，越来越多古巴人难以糊口，退休医生、教师与原政府职员也加入了排队行列。由宗教团体、国际援助组织与联合国机构支持的慈善食堂与食物银行，近年在全岛各地增多，不少设在宗教建筑内。基西夸巴协会说，该组织已在哈瓦那识别出约1.25万名弱势居民。
价格把购买力的塌陷写得最直观：私人市场上，一盒鸡蛋要价3200古巴比索，约等于一名退休者一个月的养老金；一瓶食用油要价2700比索。医生一个月的收入可达约1.5万比索，折合18美元左右。今年9月，古巴的通货膨胀率同比达到28%。古巴此前每年要花约20亿美元进口食品，支撑向家庭发放米、豆、奶粉等基本物资的配给制度，如今这套制度也难以为继。
协会负责人、医生 Enrique Alemán 对美联社表示，这间食堂为许多排队者提供的是他们唯一有保证的一顿热饭。
关联：
特朗普称要在离任前解决古巴问题：被问是否动用军队时称肯定会考虑
（来源：美联社）
Charity Kitchens in Havana Feed Growing Lines as Cuba's Crisis Deepens: A Carton of Eggs Costs a Month's Pension
Every night in central Havana, hundreds of people line up outside a charity-run community kitchen operated by the Asociación Quisicuaba, some sleeping on the sidewalk while they wait for what may be their only meal of the day. When the doors open at 7 a.m., people rush in carrying numbered plastic containers for a serving of rice, eggs and pasta, sometimes with a little chicken, the Associated Press reported from Havana.
Fernando Fernández, a 71-year-old retiree who once worked as a cook and a security guard, is a regular. He now comes alone, because his 80-year-old wife, Josefa, is ill. The couple gets by on her monthly pension of 3,200 Cuban pesos, a little more than three U.S. dollars, plus the kitchen's help. "We're having a truly bumpy ride," Fernández told the AP.
As Cuba's long recession deepens, compounded by U.S. energy restrictions, inflation and shrinking government resources, a growing number of Cubans, including retired doctors, teachers and former public employees, are struggling to feed themselves. Charity-run kitchens and food banks, supported by religious groups, international aid organizations and United Nations agencies, have multiplied across the island in recent years, often housed in religious buildings. The Quisicuaba Association says it has identified about 12,500 vulnerable people in Havana.
Prices show the collapse in purchasing power most starkly. In private markets, a carton of eggs costs 3,200 Cuban pesos, roughly a retired person's monthly pension, while a bottle of cooking oil costs 2,700 pesos. A doctor's monthly income can reach about 15,000 pesos, equivalent to roughly 18 U.S. dollars. Inflation reached 28 percent in September from a year earlier. Cuba previously spent about two billion U.S. dollars a year importing food to sustain its rationing system, which provided households with staples including rice, beans and powdered milk, a system now under severe strain.
Enrique Alemán, a physician who heads the association, told the AP that for many of those in line, the kitchen provides their only guaranteed hot meal.
Related:
特朗普称要在离任前解决古巴问题：被问是否动用军队时称肯定会考虑
(Source: Associated Press)
来源：美联社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：古巴首都哈瓦那的国会大厦与街头老爷车（资料图）。CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons，本图已裁为 16:9。 / Photo: The National Capitol and classic cars on a street in Havana, Cuba (file photo). CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; cropped to 16:9.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
