美国国立卫生研究院11月5日研究：两种永久化学物质与侵袭性乳腺癌风险相关，最高暴露组发生率高67%与93%
美国国立卫生研究院 11 月 5 日发布研究结果，在血液中全氟辛酸与全氟辛烷磺酸这两种全氟和多氟烷基物质水平较高的女性中，雌激素受体阴性乳腺癌的发生率更高。这两种物质同属被称为「永久化学物质」的 PFAS 类物质，不易在环境中分解，可在人体内留存多年。研究未发现这两种化学物质与总体乳腺癌风险之间有明确关联。研究结果刊于《临床肿瘤学杂志》。
研究人员检测了受试者在确诊癌症数年前采集的血液中的 17 种 PFAS。血液全氟辛酸水平最高一组女性的雌激素受体阴性乳腺癌发生率，比最低组高 67%；全氟辛烷磺酸最高组则高 93%，接近两倍。研究院在发布中说明，这些数字是组间的相对差异，不代表某一名女性个人的患癌概率。
研究数据来自国家环境卫生科学研究所主持的「姐妹研究」，该队列于 2003 年至 2009 年在美国与波多黎各招募 50884 名 35 至 74 岁女性，入组时均未患乳腺癌、但都有一名全姐妹或同父异母或同母异父姐妹曾确诊乳腺癌；本项分析纳入 1609 名后来患乳腺癌的女性与 2269 名对照者。研究负责人、研究院 Stadtman 研究员亚历山德拉·怀特表示，结论已用既往研究的荟萃分析加以确认，并指出全氟辛酸与全氟辛烷磺酸已大体被淘汰并由新的 PFAS 化合物替代，新替代物的风险仍需更多研究。本稿只报道研究事实，不构成个体健康建议。
NIH Study Released November 5 Links Two Forever Chemicals to Aggressive Breast Cancer Risk: Highest Exposure Groups Show 67 Percent and 93 Percent Higher Rates
The National Institutes of Health reported on November 5 that women with higher blood levels of two per and polyfluoroalkyl substances, perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, were more likely to develop estrogen receptor negative breast cancer. The two substances belong to the PFAS group known as forever chemicals, which do not break down easily in the environment and can remain in the body for years. No clear association was observed between the two chemicals and breast cancer risk overall. The findings are reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Researchers measured 17 PFAS in blood collected years before the women were diagnosed with cancer. Women in the group with the highest perfluorooctanoic acid levels had a 67 percent higher rate of estrogen receptor negative breast cancer than those in the lowest group, and for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid the rate was 93 percent higher, nearly twice as high. The institutes note that these numbers describe relative differences between groups, not an individual woman's chance of getting breast cancer.
The research drew on the Sister Study, led by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, which enrolled 50,884 women ages 35 to 74 in the United States and Puerto Rico from 2003 to 2009, none of whom had breast cancer when they joined but each of whom had a sister previously diagnosed. The analysis included 1,609 women who developed breast cancer and a comparison sample of 2,269 women. Alexandra White, an NIH Stadtman Investigator who led the study, said the findings were confirmed using a meta analysis of prior research, and noted that the two legacy chemicals have been largely phased out and replaced with newer PFAS compounds whose risks require more research. This report presents the study's facts only and offers no individual health advice.
来源：美国国立卫生研究院
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国国家环境卫生科学研究所主楼（资料图）。美国国立卫生研究院摄，维基共享资源，公有领域。 / Photo: The main building of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (file photo). Photo by the National Institutes of Health, Wikimedia Commons (public domain).
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