吉尔吉斯斯坦君达炼油厂1.94亿美元改造陷污染争议：居民向总统投诉，检查已开两张罚单并责令整改
吉尔吉斯斯坦总统扎帕罗夫11月8日在首都比什凯克以西约60公里的卡拉巴尔塔与居民见面时说，如果住在君达炼油厂附近正在损害居民健康，政府会考虑把居民迁走。一名居民在会上请他关闭这家由中国企业控股的炼油厂，或要求它加强污染治理，称当地出现了居民认为与炼油厂有关的过敏、脱发与高血压病例。扎帕罗夫为保留工厂辩护，说吉尔吉斯斯坦需要发展工业、生产更多自己的燃料。
君达是吉尔吉斯斯坦最大的炼油厂，年加工原油能力80万吨，改造后将生产硫含量限值更严的 K4、K5 级燃料，公司称满产时可满足国内燃料与润滑油需求的35%以上。工厂2014年投产、2020年初停产、2024年恢复生产，停产前居民曾反复投诉异味与空气污染。在当地注册的运营方 China Petrol Company Junda 由中国的 Central Asia Energy Company 持股99%，卡拉巴尔塔当地的 DaDe Service Company 持股1%。
改造投资额已从2024年约1.6亿美元、2025年约1.67亿美元，升至吉尔吉斯斯坦国家投资局现在所说的1.9375亿美元。项目错过了2026年7月31日的完工期限，投资局与中方投资者8月25日签署了下一阶段协议。环境检查人员在10月9日的简报会上说，工程预计2027年4月完工，并说居民投诉引发的检查已开出两张罚单、责令改正违规。投资局局长萨比罗夫11月11日视察炼油厂后要求投资者履行承诺，但没有给出改造后工厂的投产日期。
君达11月11日回应说，现代化项目接近完工，正在安装一套油气回收系统，公司称该系统可在储存与运输环节捕集石油蒸气并送回生产；公司还计划2027年春季在厂区约两公顷土地上植树。吉尔吉斯斯坦环境部9月公布的卡拉巴尔塔空气质量读数显示，春季部分二氧化氮读数超过日均限值，二氧化硫在春夏两季均在限值内；该部没有把污染归因于君达，公司的回应也没有引用独立的排放测量或对居民症状的医学研究。
（来源：中亚时报）
Kyrgyzstan's Chinese-Owned Junda Refinery Faces Pollution Complaints During a $194 Million Upgrade: Inspections Brought Two Fines and Orders to Correct Violations
Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov told residents of Kara-Balta, about 60 kilometres west of Bishkek, on November 8 that his government would consider relocating residents if living near the Junda oil refinery was harming their health. A resident at the meeting asked him to close the Chinese-controlled plant or require better pollution controls, describing cases of allergies, hair loss and high blood pressure that residents associate with the refinery. Japarov defended keeping the plant open, saying Kyrgyzstan needed to develop its industries and produce more of its own fuel.
Junda is Kyrgyzstan's largest refinery, able to process 800,000 metric tons of crude oil a year. The upgraded plant is expected to produce K4- and K5-grade fuels, which have tighter sulfur limits, and the company says that at full capacity it could meet more than 35% of domestic demand for fuels and lubricants. The refinery began producing fuel in 2014, shut down in early 2020 and resumed operations in 2024; residents had complained repeatedly about odors and air pollution before the shutdown. The locally registered operator, China Petrol Company Junda, is 99% owned by China's Central Asia Energy Company, with Kara-Balta's DaDe Service Company holding the remaining 1%.
Estimates for the upgrade have risen from about $160 million in 2024 and $167 million in 2025 to $193.75 million, the figure now given by Kyrgyzstan's National Investment Agency. The project missed its July 31, 2026 completion deadline, and on August 25 the agency and the Chinese investor signed an agreement for the next phase. At an October 9 briefing, an environmental inspector said the work was expected to finish by April 2027, and that inspections prompted by residents' complaints had resulted in two fines and orders to correct violations. After visiting the refinery on November 11, the agency's head, Ravshanbek Sabirov, called on the investor to meet its commitments; the agency gave no date for the upgraded plant to enter service.
In a November 11 response, Junda said its modernization project was nearing completion and that it was installing a vapor recovery system which, the company says, will capture petroleum vapors during storage and transport and return them to production. It also plans to plant trees on about two hectares of refinery land in spring 2027. Air-quality readings for Kara-Balta published by Kyrgyzstan's environment ministry in September showed some spring nitrogen dioxide readings above the daily average limit, while sulfur dioxide remained within limits in spring and summer. The ministry did not trace the pollution to Junda, and the company's response cited no independent measurements of its emissions or medical studies of residents' symptoms.
(Source: The Times of Central Asia)
来源：中亚时报
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：科威特 Mina Al-Ahmadi 炼油厂夜景（资料图）。Grubb 摄，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Mina Al-Ahmadi oil refinery in Kuwait at night (file photo). By Grubb, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
