美国移民局警示：持预先假释文件离境也算离境 非法滞留超180天者返美可被认定不得入境
美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）在旅行证件申请表 I-131 的官方页面发布警示：移民上诉委员会（BIA）在判例 Matter of Delcarmen-Lara（29 I&N Dec. 830，2026 年）中，推翻了 2012 年的 Arrabally 判例。按新判例，自 2026 年 8 月 13 日起，持预先假释旅行文件（表格 I-512L）离开美国，在《移民与国籍法》第 212(a)(9)(B)(i) 条下构成一次“离境”。
这一变化的实际影响是：曾在美国非法滞留超过 180 天的人士，若持预先假释文件离境，并在三至十年的法定期间内寻求入境美国，可能被认定为不得入境。此前按 Arrabally 判例，持预先假释文件离境不被看作该条所指的“离境”。
I-131 表格用于申请旅行证件、假释文件及出入境记录，现行版本日期为 2025 年 1 月 20 日。USCIS 在该表格页面顶部以警示框形式公布了这项判例变化，判例 Delcarmen-Lara 于 2026 年 8 月 13 日发布。
（来源：美国公民及移民服务局）
USCIS Alert: Departing on Advance Parole Counts as a Departure and May Trigger the 3- and 10-Year Bars
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has posted an alert on the official page for Form I-131, the application for travel documents: in the precedent decision Matter of Delcarmen-Lara, 29 I&N Dec. 830 (BIA 2026), the Board of Immigration Appeals overruled its 2012 decision in Matter of Arrabally and Yerrabelly. Under the new precedent, as of August 13, 2026, departing the United States after obtaining an Advance Parole Document (Form I-512L) is a “departure” for purposes of inadmissibility under section 212(a)(9)(B)(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act.
In practical terms, people who accrued more than 180 days of unlawful presence, depart the United States on advance parole, and seek admission within the statutory three- or ten-year period may be found inadmissible. Under the earlier Arrabally precedent, travel on an advance parole document was not treated as a “departure” under that provision.
Form I-131 is used to apply for travel documents, parole documents, and arrival/departure records; its current edition is dated 01/20/25. USCIS published the change as an alert box at the top of the form page. The Delcarmen-Lara decision was issued on August 13, 2026.
(Source: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services)
来源：美国公民及移民服务局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国国土安全部总部大楼。GSM 固定图库。 / Photo: U.S. Department of Homeland Security headquarters. GSM asset library.
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