华盛顿特区无人驾驶出租车法案在委员会差 1 票：改稿设全区 800 辆上限，Waymo 已在当地测试约 2 年
华盛顿 — 一项允许 Waymo 等公司在哥伦比亚特区用无人驾驶汽车载客收费的法案，在特区议会交通与环境委员会面临票数不足。法案起草人、委员会主席查尔斯艾伦 11 月 10 日公布改稿，但委员会 5 名成员中已有 3 人表示本周将投反对票。
表示反对的 3 人为扎卡里帕克、埃莉萨西尔弗曼与候任市长珍妮丝刘易斯乔治，克里斯蒂娜亨德森表示支持。艾伦因此还差 1 票，法案无法在本周走出委员会。反对者提出的主要关切包括网约车与出租车司机的工作替代问题与安全问题，并主张推迟到下一会期再议。
改稿提出全区所有公司无人驾驶汽车总数上限为 800 辆，并写入网约车司机与无人驾驶汽车维护工人的组工会权利、无障碍乘车服务要求、数据共享规则与一段较长的无人驾驶测试期。现行特区法律只允许有受训人员在车内的测试，Waymo 已按这一方式在特区测试约 2 年，并在当地建设 3 处充电与维护设施。
按目前时间表，法案须在本届会期于 2027 年 1 月 2 日结束前通过，否则将失效。各方对首批收费无人驾驶乘车何时上路的估计从 2027 年秋到 2028 年初不等。本稿只报道法案文本、议员公开表态与企业与工会公开立场，不作评价。
Washington DC Driverless Taxi Bill One Vote Short in Committee: Rewrite Sets 800-Vehicle District Cap as Waymo Marks About Two Years of Testing
WASHINGTON — A bill to let Waymo and other companies carry paying passengers in driverless cars in the District of Columbia is one vote short in the DC Council Committee on Transportation and the Environment. The bill author and committee chair, Charles Allen, released a rewritten version on Tuesday, November 10, but three of the five committee members said they would vote no this week.
The three are Zachary Parker, Elissa Silverman and Mayor-elect Janeese Lewis George. Christina Henderson said she would vote yes, leaving Allen one vote short of moving the bill out of committee. Opponents cited rideshare and taxi job displacement and safety concerns, and urged delay until the next session.
The rewrite caps autonomous vehicles district-wide at 800 for all companies, and would allow rideshare drivers and autonomous vehicle maintenance workers to unionize. It also includes wheelchair-accessible ride requirements, data-sharing rules and a lengthy driverless testing phase. District law today allows testing only with a trained person in the vehicle, the basis on which Waymo has tested in DC for about two years while building three charging and service facilities.
The bill dies if not passed before the session ends on January 2, 2027. Estimates for the first paid driverless rides range from the fall of 2027 to early 2028. This item reports the bill text and public statements only.
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图片来源：图：一辆 Waymo 无人驾驶汽车的正面，车顶装有传感器。Grendelkhan 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons / Photo: Waymo self-driving car front view.gk. By Grendelkhan, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
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