德国拟让备用煤电与燃油电厂临时重返市场：天然气告急时以煤电省气
德国联邦经济部长 Katherina Reiche 提出一项修法草案，拟允许作为电网备用的燃煤与燃油电厂在天然气供应紧张时临时重返电力市场发电，以减少天然气消耗。草案于11月被媒体披露后引发关注。
据 Politico 披露的这份经济部草案（落款10月16日），其理由是中东局势升级、供应形势紧张；草案主张，在天然气短缺时有限期地让备用机组进入市场发电，可以把天然气留给工业与居民供暖。此举是德国《天然气应急计划》工具的补充，燃煤与燃油机组的碳排放明显高于燃气机组这一点，草案亦未回避。
草案同时划出边界：联邦政府必须先宣布天然气应急计划的「警戒」或「紧急」级别，备用电厂才能入市；已经正式关停的煤电厂不在重启之列。草案目前尚未定稿。
另据彭博社报道，德国执政联盟的议员此前已同意审查重新启用备用煤电厂、以压低能源价格的选项。
（来源：德国联邦经济部）
Germany Plans to Temporarily Bring Reserve Coal and Oil Plants Back to the Power Market to Save Gas
Germany's Federal Minister for Economic Affairs, Katherina Reiche, has proposed draft legislation that would temporarily bring coal- and oil-fired power plants held as grid reserves back into the electricity market when natural gas supplies are tight, in order to reduce gas consumption. The draft drew attention when it was reported in November.
According to the ministry draft reported by Politico, dated October 16, the justification is the escalation in the Middle East and the tense supply situation. The draft argues that letting reserve units generate for a limited period during a gas shortage would conserve gas for industry and household heating, complementing the tools of Germany's Gas Emergency Plan; it does not hide that coal and oil units emit significantly more carbon than gas plants.
The draft also sets limits: the federal government must first declare the Alert or Emergency level of the Gas Emergency Plan before reserve plants can enter the market, and already decommissioned coal plants are not to be revived. The draft has not been finalized.
Bloomberg separately reported that lawmakers from Germany's governing coalition had agreed to review reactivating standby coal plants as part of efforts to reduce energy prices.
(Source: Germany's Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs)
来源：德国联邦经济部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：德国勃兰登堡州延施瓦尔德燃煤电站（资料图）。照片：Isohypse，CC0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Jänschwalde coal-fired power station in Brandenburg, Germany (file photo). Photo by Isohypse, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
