巴哈马在气候峰会推出蓝碳计划：两期共投入1亿美元护全球最大海草甸
巴哈马总理 Philip Davis 于11月11日在土耳其 Antalya 的第31届联合国气候变化大会（COP31）领导人峰会上正式推出巴哈马蓝碳计划，宣布两期共投入1亿美元，把全球面积最大的海草甸变成可测量、可投资的国家资产。峰会于11日与12日举行，COP31 会期为11月9日至20日。
Davis 在加勒比共同体展馆的发布活动上说，巴哈马海草甸覆盖约53,657平方公里，是地球上面积最大的海草甸。海草把碳固定在海底，养着巴哈马家庭靠它吃饭的渔业，也能在海浪冲到岸边之前先削掉一层力量。巴哈马正第一次把海草纳入本国的国家自主贡献（NDC）。
钱已经先投了下去。政府为计划第一期投入2,500万美元，做全国测绘、实地核验与取样、测量报告与初步保育，巴哈马的野外团队正在从 Grand Bahama、Abaco 到南部岛屿的30个调查区作业。Davis 在11日的讲话中又宣布，第二期再追加7,500万美元，两期合计1亿美元。第二期还将成立一个常设机构，巴哈马蓝色经济研究所，负责监督将来碳信用转让收益的使用。
法律框架在2022年已经搭好。巴哈马当年通过《气候变化与碳市场倡议法》与《碳信用交易法》，可以作为主权伙伴按《巴黎协定》第六条与他国合作。总理办公室说，Davis 此行将邀请各国政府、机构与投资者就第六条合作、科研伙伴关系与投资展开谈判，筹得的资金将用于保育，并与巴哈马社区分享收益。
Davis 也把话说得很直白。他在讲话中回忆，2019年飓风 Dorian 在巴哈马北部停留了一天多，卷走了全国四分之一以上的经济。他今年1月曾对议会说，没有人会来救巴哈马，巴哈马人必须自己救自己。这次在 Antalya，他呼吁把今年9月联合国大会通过的首份海平面上升宣言变成有资金落地的行动，并要求气候资金让小岛屿发展中国家能更快、按更公平的条件拿到。
Davis 不在国内期间，副总理兼教育、科学与技术部长 I. Chester Cooper 任代总理，任期到 Davis 11月13日返回巴哈马为止。总理办公室还提到，巴哈马与土耳其刚在11月5日迎来建交52周年。
（来源：巴哈马总理办公室）
Bahamas Launches Blue Carbon Programme at Climate Summit With US$100 Million Across Two Phases
Bahamian Prime Minister Philip Davis formally launched The Bahamas Blue Carbon Programme at the Leaders Summit of the 31st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 31) in Antalya, Türkiye, on November 11, announcing US$100 million across two phases to turn the largest seagrass meadows on Earth into a measured, investable national asset. The Leaders Summit runs on November 11 and 12, within COP 31 from November 9 to 20.
Speaking at the launch event in the CARICOM Pavilion, Davis said The Bahamas' seagrass meadows cover some 53,657 square kilometres, the largest of any nation on Earth. The meadows store carbon in the seabed, support the fisheries Bahamian families rely on and soften waves before they reach the shore. The Bahamas is bringing its seagrass into its Nationally Determined Contribution for the first time.
The government has put its own money in first. It has committed US$25 million to the programme's first phase, covering national mapping, field verification and sampling, measurement and reporting, and initial conservation, with Bahamian field teams working across thirty survey areas from Grand Bahama and Abaco to the southern islands. In his November 11 remarks, Davis announced an additional US$75 million for Phase Two, US$100 million in total. Phase Two will also launch the Bahamas Blue Economy Institute, a lasting national institution to oversee the stewardship of any proceeds from carbon credit transfers.
The legal framework has been in place since 2022, when The Bahamas passed the Climate Change and Carbon Market Initiatives Act and the Carbon Credit Trading Act, allowing it to cooperate under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement as a sovereign partner. The Office of the Prime Minister said Davis will invite governments, institutions and investors to open talks on Article 6 cooperation, scientific partnerships and investment, with finance raised supporting conservation and benefit-sharing with Bahamian communities.
Davis was blunt about why his country is acting on its own. In his remarks he recalled that Hurricane Dorian sat over the Northern Bahamas for more than a day in 2019 and took more than a quarter of the economy with it. In January he told Parliament that no one is coming to save The Bahamas and that Bahamians must save themselves. In Antalya he pressed for the United Nations General Assembly's first Declaration on Sea-Level Rise, adopted in September, to be turned into funded action, and called for climate finance that small island developing states can reach quickly and on fair terms.
While Davis is abroad, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education, Science and Technology I. Chester Cooper serves as Acting Prime Minister until Davis returns to The Bahamas on November 13. The Office of the Prime Minister also noted that The Bahamas and Türkiye marked fifty-two years of diplomatic relations on November 5.
(Source: Office of the Prime Minister of The Bahamas)
来源：巴哈马总理办公室
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：巴哈马 San Salvador 岛 Graham 港的海草甸，由 Thalassia 与 Syringodium 混生。照片：James St. John，CC BY 2.0，经维基共享资源。 / Photo: A Thalassia-Syringodium seagrass bed at Graham's Harbour, San Salvador Island, The Bahamas. Photo by James St. John, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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