联合国大会第三委员会以117票对53票通过打击美化纳粹主义决议：文本写入谴责俄方借反纳粹为侵乌辩护的段落
联合国大会第三委员会11月10日以117票赞成、53票反对、9票弃权，通过了俄罗斯自2005年起每年提出的《打击美化纳粹主义、新纳粹主义》决议草案，今年有45个国家参与共同提案。通过的文本并不是俄方的原案：表决前，英国代表乌克兰、阿尔巴尼亚、澳大利亚、日本、列支敦士登、马绍尔群岛和挪威等八国提出的修正案先以64票对44票、55票弃权获得通过，写入了对俄罗斯借所谓新纳粹问题为其对乌克兰的领土侵略辩护表示警觉的段落。
俄罗斯代表团随后对修正后的文本投了赞成票，但公开宣布拒绝接受其中的第四段。俄罗斯外交部多边人权合作司司长 Grigory Lukyantsev 把117票的结果称为俄方立场获得「世界大多数」的承认，并指责西方国家为孤立俄罗斯，不惜损害自身声誉、企图推翻纽伦堡审判与东京审判的结果。俄方还单独点名德国、意大利、日本等前轴心国投了反对票。
美国常驻联合国代表团在投票解释中说，美国谴责并拒绝纳粹主义的一切形式，但这份决议自2005年首次提出以来就带有政治化根源，其限制言论自由、结社自由与和平集会自由的建议与《世界人权宣言》的原则相抵触，因此美国再次投下反对票。53个反对国还包括乌克兰、加拿大、波兰、奥地利等国。
第三委员会的通过只是委员会层面的批准，草案其后还要提交联合国大会全体会议审议。
（来源：联合国大会第三委员会）
UN Third Committee Adopts Anti-Nazism Resolution 117 to 53, With Text Condemning Russia's Use of the Issue to Justify Invading Ukraine
The Third Committee of the UN General Assembly on November 10 adopted, by 117 votes to 53 with 9 abstentions, the draft resolution on combating the glorification of Nazism and neo-Nazism that Russia has submitted every year since 2005, this year with 45 co-sponsors. The text adopted was not Russia's original draft: before the vote, an amendment introduced by the United Kingdom on behalf of eight countries, including Ukraine, Albania, Australia, Japan, Liechtenstein, the Marshall Islands and Norway, was approved by 64 votes to 44 with 55 abstentions, inserting a paragraph expressing alarm at Russia's use of alleged neo-Nazism to justify its territorial aggression against Ukraine.
Russia then voted for the amended text but publicly disassociated itself from its fourth paragraph. Grigory Lukyantsev, director of the Russian Foreign Ministry's department for multilateral human rights cooperation, presented the 117-vote result as recognition of Russia's position by a 'global majority,' and accused Western countries of seeking Russia's diplomatic isolation at the cost of their own reputations and of trying to overturn the outcomes of the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials. Russia also singled out Germany, Italy and Japan, the former Axis states, for voting against.
In its explanation of vote, the United States Mission to the United Nations said the United States condemns and rejects Nazism in all its forms, but that the resolution has had politicized roots since it was first introduced in 2005 and that its recommendations limiting freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly contravene the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, so the United States again voted no. The 53 votes against also included Ukraine, Canada, Poland and Austria.
Adoption by the Third Committee is approval at committee level only; the draft still goes to the plenary of the General Assembly for consideration.
(Source: UN General Assembly Third Committee)
来源：联合国大会第三委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：联合国大会会场资料图。照片：Mojnsen 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: File photo of the United Nations General Assembly hall. Photo by Mojnsen, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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