亚利桑那州 Hermosa 关键矿产项目禁令申请被联邦法院驳回 锰锌项目可继续施工
美国司法部11月10日宣布，美国亚利桑那州联邦地区法院上周驳回了一项初步禁令动议，位于亚利桑那州东南部的 Hermosa 关键矿产项目可以继续施工。该项目将成为美国国内锰的来源，并大幅提高美国的锌产量。
锰和锌是制造军用车辆与海军舰艇用钢的必需材料，电池级锰也是为无人机、无线电等装备供能的先进锂离子电池的关键原料。司法部指出，美国所需的锰目前完全依赖进口，锌也几乎完全依赖进口，而中国占全球先进电池用锰精炼产能的约95%。
司法部能源与自然资源司首席副助理部长 Adam Gustafson 表示：「锰对我们的国防不可或缺，美国不能继续依赖外国供应链。这项裁决让这个唯一有条件生产电池级锰的国内项目得以继续推进，司法部将继续为重启国内关键矿产生产的机构行动辩护。」
该项目经过约三年的环境审查后，由美国林务局于2026年7月批准。项目将把私人土地上已有的采矿作业扩展到 Coronado 国家森林，审批前已按《濒危物种法》与美国鱼类与野生动物管理局正式协商，并附加了400多项有约束力的设计、缓解等条件以减少环境影响。为加快锰、锌的生产与精炼，战争部已依《国防生产法》向该项目拨款2,000万美元，能源部拨款1.662亿美元。
今年10月下旬，两家环保组织对相关机构的决定提起诉讼，并申请在诉讼期间叫停项目。法院驳回了这一申请，理由是原告未证明其主张有胜诉可能，也未达到不可弥补损害的举证要求；法院同时指出，国内关键矿产供应事关「重大公共利益」，且「国家安全利益相关且重大」。裁决作出后，获批的工程可继续推进，法院将以快速程序审理案件的实体问题。（来源：美国司法部）
Federal Court Denies Bid to Halt Hermosa Critical Minerals Project in Arizona
The U.S. Department of Justice announced on November 10 that the U.S. District Court for the District of Arizona last week denied a motion for a preliminary injunction seeking to halt construction of the Hermosa Critical Minerals Project in southeastern Arizona. The project, which can now proceed, will establish a domestic source of manganese and substantially increase domestic production of zinc.
Manganese and zinc are essential to the steel used in military vehicles and naval vessels, and battery-grade manganese is also essential to the advanced lithium-ion batteries that power unmanned aerial vehicles, radios, and other defense equipment. The United States relies entirely on imports of manganese and almost entirely on imports of zinc, with China providing about 95 percent of global refining capacity for manganese used in advanced batteries, according to the Justice Department.
"Manganese is indispensable to our national defense, and the United States cannot afford to remain dependent on foreign supply chains," said Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General Adam Gustafson of the Justice Department's Energy and Natural Resources Division (ENRD). "This ruling allows work to proceed on the only domestic project positioned to produce battery-grade manganese. The Department will continue to defend agency action to restart domestic production of critical minerals."
After roughly three years of environmental review, the U.S. Forest Service approved the Hermosa project in July 2026. The project expands existing mining operations on private land onto the Coronado National Forest. The approval followed formal consultation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under the Endangered Species Act and imposes more than 400 binding design features, mitigation measures, and other conditions to minimize environmental impacts. To accelerate manganese and zinc production and refining, the Department of War has awarded the project $20 million under the Defense Production Act and the Department of Energy awarded $166.2 million.
In late October, two environmental groups challenged the agencies' decisions and asked the court to halt the project while the case proceeds. The court denied the motion because the plaintiffs had not shown they were likely to succeed on their claims and had not made the required showing of likely irreparable harm. The court also recognized "a substantial public interest in domestic critical-mineral supply" and noted that "the national security interests are relevant and substantial." As a result of the ruling, the approved work on the project can proceed while the court considers the merits of the case on an expedited schedule. (Source: U.S. Department of Justice)
来源：美国司法部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国司法部总部大楼。照片：美国司法部，公共领域。 / Photo: U.S. Department of Justice headquarters building. Photo by the U.S. Department of Justice, public domain.
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