华盛顿特区鹅肝禁令通过后面临法律挑战 生产商拟起诉 2027年7月生效前须过国会审查
华盛顿特区选民11月3日以约73%的支持率通过第86号倡议，禁止在特区内强制喂食禽类，以及销售、分销和进口鹅肝等肥肝产品。倡议规定，违规商家每次将被处以1000至5000美元罚款，多次违规可能被吊销营业执照。
禁令定于2027年7月1日生效，在此之前还须经过国会审查，特区议会也须解决执法经费问题。特区首席财务官估计，执行禁令四年内需花费约31.4万美元，包括增聘一名检查员。
禁令通过后，全国两大鹅肝生产商之一的哈德逊谷鹅肝（Hudson Valley Foie Gras）已表示正与律师商议、计划诉诸法庭挑战该禁令，法律战预计在生效日前打响。推动倡议的动物保护组织「支持动物未来」（Pro-Animal Future）表示，禁令还须经过拨款程序才能真正落地。
竞选期间，一只名叫奥利维娅的瑞典蓝鸭成为禁令的吉祥物，曾到多个投票站外「拉票」。特区由此加入加州、纽约市、匹兹堡和波特兰的行列；丹佛选民同日也以66.55%的支持率通过了类似禁令。
D.C. Foie Gras Ban Passes but Faces Legal Challenge Ahead of July 2027 Effective Date and Congressional Review
Washington, D.C. voters approved Initiative 86 on November 3 with about 73 percent support, banning the force-feeding of birds in the District and the sale, distribution and import of foie gras and other fattened-liver products. Businesses that violate the ban face fines of $1,000 to $5,000 per violation, and repeat offenders could lose their business licenses.
The ban is scheduled to take effect on July 1, 2027. Before then it must undergo congressional review, and the D.C. Council must also resolve funding for enforcement. The District's chief financial officer estimates implementation will cost about $314,000 over four years, including hiring an additional inspector.
Since the vote, Hudson Valley Foie Gras, one of the country's two major producers, has said it is working with lawyers and plans to challenge the ban in court, setting up a legal fight before the effective date. Pro-Animal Future, the animal-protection group that pushed the initiative, says the ban still has to go through the appropriations process before it can truly take hold.
During the campaign, a Swedish Blue duck named Olivia became the ban's mascot and appeared outside polling places. The District joins California, New York City, Pittsburgh and Portland; Denver voters approved a similar ban the same day with 66.55 percent support.
来源：《华盛顿人》杂志
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：鹅肝料理。CC BY-SA 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: A foie gras dish. CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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