欧盟议会环境委员会放宽2035年汽车减排目标：降至87.5%
欧洲议会环境委员会 11 月 4 日星期三投票支持放宽欧盟 2035 年新车排放目标，燃油车禁令进一步松动。委员会以 48 票赞成、30 票反对、2 票弃权通过提案，将 2035 年新车尾气二氧化碳减排要求从 100% 降至 87.5%。
按 2023 年通过的现行法规，新车与厢式货车到 2035 年须比 2021 年水平减排 100%，实际上终结了包括混合动力在内的新型燃油车销售。欧洲委员会去年底提议将目标放宽至减排 90%，环境委员会走得更远：减排 87.5%，再以欧盟生产的低碳钢材换取最高 7.5 个百分点的抵免，实际目标为 95%。厢式货车 2035 年目标从 100% 降至 80%，2030 年厢式货车目标定为 35%，低于委员会提议的 40% 与现行法规的 50%。
这项妥协由中间偏右的欧洲人民党、社会党团与复兴欧洲党团共同提出。欧洲人民党称，这是在汽车产业上取得的重大胜利，扭转了内燃机禁令。委员会同时投票将企业车队零排放汽车占比的强制性目标降级为“愿景性”目标。
委员会的决定尚未成为法律。汽车一揽子方案定于 12 月交由欧洲议会全体会议表决，随后与欧盟成员国政府谈判最终文本。
EU Parliament Committee Eases 2035 Car Emissions Target to 87.5%
The European Parliament's environment committee voted on Wednesday, November 4, to ease the European Union's 2035 emissions target for new cars, further softening the bloc's planned ban on new petrol and diesel cars. The committee approved the proposal by 48 votes to 30, with two abstentions, lowering the required reduction in car exhaust emissions to 87.5 percent by 2035, down from 100 percent.
Under rules agreed in 2023, new cars and vans must achieve a 100 percent reduction in fleet-average exhaust carbon dioxide emissions by 2035 compared with 2021 levels, effectively ending sales of new conventional petrol and diesel cars, including hybrids that retain combustion engines. The European Commission late last year proposed softening the car target to a 90 percent reduction; the committee went further, backing an 87.5 percent cut, with a 7.5 percentage point top-up from production using low-carbon steel made in the EU, bringing the effective total to 95 percent. The 2035 target for vans falls from 100 percent to 80 percent, and the committee proposed a 35 percent van target for 2030, compared with 40 percent in the Commission's text and 50 percent under existing rules.
The compromise came from the three centrist groups: the European People's Party (EPP), the Socialists and Democrats, and Renew Europe. The EPP, the assembly's biggest group, said it had secured a major victory for the car industry by reversing the combustion engine ban. Committees also voted to downgrade mandatory targets for future shares of zero-emission cars in corporate fleets to "aspirational" goals.
The committee vote is not yet law. The full European Parliament is due to vote on the auto package in December, after which negotiations with EU member states will determine the legislation's final form.
来源：路透社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国交通部大楼（GSM 固定图库）。The U.S. Department of Transportation building. (GSM asset library)
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