联邦教育部拟修订拨款优先事项：出勤、学徒制与寄养儿童支持纳入，意见征集至12月7日
美国教育部11月5日在《联邦公报》刊出提案，拟对该部在竞争性拨款评审中使用的「补充优先事项」作大幅修订，文件长18页，将改动2025年与2026年陆续通过的四组优先事项。这类优先事项是教育部在各类自主拨款竞赛中的评分指引，决定哪些方向的项目更容易获得联邦资金。
提案新增的强调方向包括：学生出勤与参与、学徒制、寄养与亲属照护儿童的教育稳定、学生父母的托育等支持、校董会治理、网络安全，以及对教育科技设定更明确的证据标准。提案还扩大了「教育选择」的定义范围，使未来的拨款竞赛可以青睐帮助学生父母获得托育支持的项目、改善寄养及亲属照护儿童教育稳定性的项目，以及把高等教育学生与人才市场、预备学徒项目和注册学徒项目连接起来的项目。
在「有意义的学习」优先事项中，草案新增了学生出勤与参与的内容。出勤被普遍视为影响学业的关键变量，教育部希望借此引导地方项目把提高到校率纳入方案设计。
需要明确的是，这份文件只是提案、不是定案：它不设立新的拨款项目，也不保证任何列明活动能获得资金。补充优先事项本质上是遴选工具而非拨款本身，其作用是让联邦资金向政府重视的方向倾斜。
公众可在12月7日前就提案提交意见。教育部表示，将在审议所收意见后，才会发布最终版本。教育机构、学区与相关团体如希望影响未来联邦拨款的评审方向，可在截止日期前通过《联邦公报》公布的渠道发声。
（来源：美国教育部、《联邦公报》）
Education Department Proposes New Grant Priorities: Attendance, Apprenticeships and Foster Care Support, With Comments Due December 7
The U.S. Department of Education on November 5 published a proposal in the Federal Register that would rewrite, over 18 pages, the supplemental priorities the department uses to judge its discretionary grant competitions. The proposal would amend four sets of supplemental priorities adopted in 2025 and 2026.
The draft adds new emphasis on student attendance, apprenticeships, foster and kinship care, student parents, school-board governance, cybersecurity and the evidence standards applied to education technology. It would also broaden the department's definition of education choice, allowing future competitions to favor projects that help student parents obtain child care and other supports, improve educational stability for children in foster or kinship care, and connect postsecondary students with talent marketplaces, pre-apprenticeships and Registered Apprenticeships — programs that combine paid workplace learning with classroom instruction.
Within the 'meaningful learning' priority, the draft adds student attendance and engagement as an eligible focus. Attendance is widely seen as a consequential lever for achievement, and the proposal invites applicants to build it into project designs.
The department stresses what the document is not: it is a proposed framework, not a funding notice. It does not create a new grant program and does not guarantee money for any listed activity. Supplemental priorities are selection tools, not appropriations — they tilt how federal dollars are awarded, rather than awarding the dollars themselves.
Comments on the proposal are due December 7. The department will consider relevant submissions before issuing a final version that would shape future discretionary grant competitions across its programs.
(Source: U.S. Department of Education; Federal Register)
来源：美国教育部、《联邦公报》
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：美国教育部总部林登·约翰逊大楼标识，位于华盛顿特区。图片来自 Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 4.0。 / Signage of the Lyndon Baines Johnson Building, headquarters of the U.S. Department of Education, in Washington, D.C. Image via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0.
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