巴拿马运河两座新集装箱码头招标推进：预审入围名单年底前公布
巴拿马运河管理局局长 Ilya Espino 11月4日在美国 Houston 举行的国际海事会议上表示，运河方面预计在今年年底前公布两座新集装箱码头建造与运营项目的预审入围名单，入围企业随后将收到正式招标书，项目招标由此进入更正式的阶段。
两座新码头是运河总额85亿美元扩建计划的一部分，该计划意在把巴拿马运河从一条航运通道，进一步发展为更大的物流与能源枢纽。运河方面此前表示，两座集装箱码头预计可再吸引约26亿美元投资，计划还包括一条估算投资40亿至80亿美元的液化石油气管道；管理局同时已开始规划第三座码头项目。Espino 没有公布入围企业名单，但提到已在巴拿马运营港口的 Maersk 与 MSC 等全球航运企业可能是投标方。
按目前时间表，码头特许经营权预计在2027年年中授予，新码头在2030年或2031年投入运营。此前表示过早期兴趣的企业包括 Eneos、Energy Transfer、Exxon Mobil、Enterprise Products Partners、Chevron、Phillips 66、Targa Resources 与 ONEOK 等能源公司。
Espino 还介绍了运河的运营现状：目前每日通行上限为33艘船；本财年（至2027年9月结束）预计深吃水船只通行10,750艘次，低于上一财年的12,636艘次；今年曾有一艘船为取得通行时段支付最高520万美元。她表示，希望旱季最差情况下也能保住每天32个通行时段。液化天然气船目前约为每周3艘，仍低于俄乌战争之前每天约2艘的水平，正在逐步回升。
Panama Canal to Name Shortlisted Bidders for Two New Container Terminals by Year-End
The Panama Canal expects to announce the pre-qualified bidders for a project to build and operate two new container terminals by the end of this year, Canal Administrator Ilya Espino said on November 4 at the Houston International Maritime Conference, advancing a tender linked to one of the world's most strategic trade corridors. Espino said the canal authority has evaluated initial proposals, and the shortlisted companies will next receive a formal request for proposals.
The new terminals are part of a broader $8.5 billion expansion plan aimed at turning the Panama Canal into a larger logistics and energy hub beyond its role as a shipping passage. The canal has said the two container terminals are expected to attract another $2.6 billion in investment, and the plan also includes a proposed liquefied petroleum gas pipeline estimated at $4 billion to $8 billion. Espino said the authority is also beginning to plan a third terminal project. She did not elaborate on the pre-qualified companies, but said global shipping heavyweights such as Maersk and MSC, which already operate ports in Panama, could be potential bidders.
Under the current timetable, concessions could be awarded around mid-2027, with operations starting in 2030 or 2031. Companies that showed early interest in the expansion projects include Eneos, Energy Transfer, Exxon Mobil, Enterprise Products Partners, Chevron, Phillips 66, Targa Resources and ONEOK, the canal has said.
Espino also described current operations: the passage limit is 33 ships per day; the waterway expects 10,750 deep-draft transits this fiscal year ending in September 2027, below the 12,636 transits of the previous fiscal year; and the highest amount paid this year by a ship to secure a transit reached $5.2 million. She said the canal hopes to keep at least 32 daily slots even in the worst of the dry season. Liquefied natural gas traffic is running at about three vessels per week, still below the roughly two LNG ships per day that transited before Russia's invasion of Ukraine, but starting to return.
来源：路透社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：巴拿马运河太平洋一侧的 Balboa 港集装箱码头。Carlos J. Ramirez 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 3.0。 / Photo: The container terminal at the Port of Balboa on the Pacific side of the Panama Canal. Photo by Carlos J. Ramirez, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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