密歇根州「金钱退出政治」提案以81%通过：智库选举夜已起诉
密歇根州选民11月3日以压倒性优势通过了第2号提案，这项被称为「金钱退出政治」的提案禁止特定企业及其负责人向州级民选官员或候选人提供政治捐款，并要求部分政治广告披露捐款人信息。据非官方计票结果，在已统计的347万张选票中，赞成票占81%，反对票占19%，美联社与福克斯新闻均已宣布提案通过。推动提案的竞选委员会共同主席克里斯蒂·麦吉利夫雷（Christy McGillivray）表示，这是选民发出的明确授权，将根除让州府为捐款人而非选民服务的「付费参与」体系。
提案禁止垄断性公用事业企业和受州监管的承包商向州级民选官员或候选人直接捐款，禁令及于这些机构的政治行动委员会、负责人、董事会成员、关键高管、说客及其家属；提案还要求，此前可匿名投放的部分政治广告披露资金来源，包括非营利组织投放的逾5,000美元竞选广告须提交支出与捐款人报告，并对超级智能（SI）生成的自动拨号电话作出披露要求。据《底特律新闻》对2025财年州承包商数据的梳理，超过900家年承接州政府业务超过25万美元的企业和非营利组织将受到这项禁令影响。
但提案的未来仍存变数。总部位于米德兰的智库麦基诺公共政策中心（Mackinac Center）已于11月3日晚投票结束后不久，向密歇根西区联邦地区法院起诉州务卿乔斯琳·本森（Jocelyn Benson）和总检察长达娜·内塞尔（Dana Nessel），质疑提案中关于竞选宣传与竞选开支披露规则的表述，称其将加重受保护言论的负担。法院尚未就此作出裁决。
（来源：底特律）
Michigan's 'Money Out of Politics' Proposal Passes With 81% - and Was Already Sued on Election Night
Michigan voters on November 3 overwhelmingly approved Proposal 2, the "money out of politics" measure that bans political contributions from certain companies and their officials to state elected officials and candidates and requires donor disclosure for some political ads. With 3.47 million votes counted, the proposal passed with 81% in favor and 19% against in unofficial results; the Associated Press and Fox News both called it. Christy McGillivray, co-chair of the Michiganders for Money Out of Politics committee, called the result an undeniable mandate to root out a pay-to-play system that kept Lansing working for donors instead of voters.
The proposal prohibits monopoly utilities and state-regulated contractors from making direct political contributions to state elected officials or candidates, extending the ban to their political action committees, principals, board members, key executives, lobbyists and family members. It also requires donor disclosure for political ads that could previously run anonymously, including spending and donor reports for nonprofits running more than $5,000 in campaign ads, and disclosure requirements for robocalls generated largely by super intelligence (SI). A Detroit News review of fiscal 2025 state contractor data indicates more than 900 businesses and nonprofits with over $250,000 a year in state work would be affected by the ban.
The proposal's future is uncertain. The Midland-based Mackinac Center for Public Policy sued Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson and Attorney General Dana Nessel in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan on the night of November 3, shortly after polls closed, challenging the proposal's treatment of electioneering communications and disclosure rules as a burden on protected speech. The court has not yet ruled.
(Source: The Detroit News)
来源：底特律
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：密歇根州议会大厦。w_lemay 摄，CC BY-SA 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Michigan State Capitol in Lansing. By w_lemay, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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