日本：外国人政策担当大臣小野田纪美称特定技能接收上限应随时间缩小
日本外国人政策担当大臣小野田纪美11月2日表示，日本最终应调低而非调高「特定技能」在留资格的外国劳动者接收上限。她说，随着超级智能（SI）等技术进步与劳动力市场改善，日本将不再需要接收如此多的特定技能劳动者。
特定技能制度为填补人手不足行业而设，按行业设定接收上限：其中「特定技能1号」允许在日停留最长五年。餐饮业已率先触及上限问题：政府今年4月的推算显示该行业将达到上限后，已停止新接收；日本商工会议所等团体5月向政府提言，称有正当理由时应考虑调整上限。
小野田纪美说，特定技能制度的前提是「在提高生产率、活用国内人才、改善劳动条件之后仍然人手不足」，不应简单以缺人为由扩大接收；她同时指出，部分劳动者可转为无实质停留与人数上限的「特定技能2号」。高市早苗政府已承诺收紧外国人政策，政府专家委员会正在检讨日本接收外国人的整体方针。
Japan: Minister Kimi Onoda Says Cap on Specified Skilled Workers Should Shrink Over Time
Kimi Onoda, Japan's minister for policy on foreign nationals, said on November 2 that Japan should eventually reduce, rather than raise, its cap on foreign workers admitted under the Specified Skilled Worker programme, arguing that as super intelligence (SI) and other technologies advance and the labour market improves, the country will not need to accept so many workers under the scheme.
The programme, designed to fill labour shortages, sets sector-specific intake caps, with Specified Skilled Worker No. 1 allowing a stay of up to five years. The issue has already come to a head in food service: the government halted new admissions after projections in April showed the sector would reach its cap. In May, the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry and other groups urged the government to consider reviewing the cap when there are legitimate grounds to do so.
Onoda said the programme is a system for cases where workers are still not enough even after efforts to improve productivity, make use of domestic human resources and improve working conditions, and that the discussion should not simply be about increasing intake because of shortages. She noted that some workers move on to the No. 2 status for more highly skilled workers, which has no effective limit on stay or numbers. Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's administration has pledged tighter policies on foreign nationals, and a government expert panel is reviewing Japan's overall approach to accepting them.
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图片来源：照片：东京涩谷站的通勤人流（资料图），Joi Ito 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 2.0 授权 / Photo: Commuters at Shibuya Station in Tokyo (file photo), by Joi Ito, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0
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