西撒哈拉：联合国维和任务任期届满结束 古特雷斯称自决权不因此改变
联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯（António Guterres）11月1日通过发言人发表声明说，联合国西撒哈拉全民投票特派团（MINURSO）的授权已于周六午夜届满，特派团行动就此结束；他同时表示，任务的离开并不废除西撒哈拉人民不可剥夺的自决权，联合国将继续通过秘书长个人特使斯塔凡·德米斯图拉（Staffan de Mistura）推动和平解决。
声明说，安理会上周五未能就特派团前途达成一致：美国提出的一份决议草案被俄罗斯否决，俄罗斯的替代文本则未获得通过所需的九票。俄方提出的方案是将任务授权延长一年至2027年10月31日。古特雷斯对特派团自1991年以来在监督停火、为政治解决创造条件方面的核心作用表示肯定，并向特派团人员、特别代表亚历山大·伊万科（Alexander Ivanko）以及35年间殉职的20名特派团人员致意。
授权结束时，特派团总部设在阿尤恩，另有九个队部（土墙以西四个、以东五个）与设在廷杜夫的联络处，人员约200名文职、军事观察员与参谋军官，来自35个以上国家，并设有专门的排雷力量。周日起进入清理结束阶段，一个向联合国业务支助部汇报的小型团队将负责处置联合国设备，古特雷斯呼吁各方全力配合，使这一过程尽快有序完成。
古特雷斯说，他对全境安全局势以及敌对行动升级风险保持关切，敦促各方保持最大克制，避免采取可能加剧紧张或破坏地区稳定的行动。MINURSO于1991年根据安理会第690号决议设立，源于摩洛哥与波利萨里奥阵线1988年接受的联合国与非洲统一组织解决计划，原定举行让西撒哈拉人民在独立与并入摩洛哥之间作出选择的全民投票，但投票从未举行。摩洛哥2007年提出在摩洛哥主权下实行自治的方案作为谈判基础。声明最后说，维和行动虽已结束，联合国仍随时准备继续支持推动对话、寻求和平解决的努力。
Western Sahara: UN Peacekeeping Mission Ends as Mandate Expires, Guterres Says Self-Determination Right Stands
UN Secretary-General António Guterres said in a statement delivered by his spokesperson on November 1 that the mandate of the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) expired at midnight on Saturday and the mission's operations have ended, while stressing that its departure does not abrogate the people's inalienable right to self-determination. The UN will keep working towards a peaceful resolution through his Personal Envoy, Staffan de Mistura.
The Security Council failed on Friday to agree on the mission's future: a draft resolution from the United States was vetoed by Russia, while a rival Russian text, which would have extended the mandate by one year to October 31, 2027, failed to win the nine votes needed for adoption. Guterres recognised the central role MINURSO has played since 1991 in monitoring the ceasefire and creating conditions for a political solution, and paid tribute to its personnel, to Special Representative Alexander Ivanko, and to the 20 mission personnel who lost their lives during its 35 years in the territory.
When its mandate ended, the mission was headquartered in Laayoune, with nine team sites, four west of the berm and five east of it, and a liaison office in Tindouf. It had about 200 civilian staff, military observers and staff officers from over 35 countries, and a dedicated mine action capability. Sunday marked the start of a liquidation period, in which a smaller team reporting to the UN Department of Operational Support will oversee the disposal of UN equipment, and Guterres called for the parties' full cooperation so the process can be completed in an orderly way as soon as possible.
Guterres said he remains concerned about the security situation throughout the territory and the risk of hostilities escalating, and urged all concerned to exercise maximum restraint and refrain from actions that could increase tensions or undermine regional stability. MINURSO was established in 1991 under Council resolution 690, in line with UN and Organization of African Unity settlement proposals accepted in 1988 by Morocco and the Frente POLISARIO, providing for a referendum in which the people of Western Sahara would choose between independence and integration with Morocco; the referendum never took place. Morocco put forward an Autonomy Proposal in 2007 envisaging the territory as self-governing under Moroccan sovereignty. While MINURSO's peacekeeping operations have concluded, the statement said, the United Nations stands ready to continue supporting efforts to advance dialogue and pursue a peaceful resolution.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：照片：联合国西撒哈拉特派团位于阿尤恩的总部（资料图），cingularite 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 2.0 授权 / Photo: MINURSO headquarters in Laayoune (file photo), by cingularite, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0
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