荷兰史基浦机场新法令生效：年航班上限47.8万架次、噪声执法点增至148处
荷兰新版《史基浦机场交通法令》于2026年11月1日正式生效，为 Amsterdam 史基浦机场设下具有法律强制力的航班上限：每年起降架次不得超过478,000架次，其中夜间时段（23时至次日7时）最多27,000架次。自2015年以来旧法令长期未被实际执行的“容忍”安排就此结束。
新法令将机场周边噪声执法点从35处大幅增至148处，每处设定年度噪声上限，由荷兰人居环境与交通监察局（ILT）负责执行。法令设定降噪目标：与2024年相比，白天受严重噪声困扰的居民人数减少20%、夜间减少15%。478,000架次的上限将维持至噪声目标达成；此后如需向500,000架次增长，须噪声进一步下降，并由议会两院参与决定。
该法令由荷兰基础设施与水利管理部推动，10月27日刊登于政府宪报。基础设施与水利管理大臣 Vincent Karremans 表示，史基浦机场连接荷兰与世界、对国家经济至关重要，新法令是多年进程的里程碑，在居民利益与经济之间取得公平平衡。政府数据显示，机场支撑荷兰超过11万个就业岗位，其中约6.8万人直接在机场工作。
今年3月，荷兰国务委员会曾以论证不足为由撤销一份同样设478,000架次上限的旧修正案；新法令重新完成立法程序后生效。荷兰议会众议院与参议院于9月29日审议该法令，参议院10月13日否决了针对法令的全部五项动议。绿色和平荷兰分部等环保组织表示将向国务委员会申请撤销新法令，相关诉讼待法院处理。（来源：荷兰基础设施与水利管理部）
New Schiphol Decree Takes Effect: Annual Flights Capped at 478,000 and Noise Enforcement Points Rise to 148
A new Airport Traffic Decree for Amsterdam Airport Schiphol entered into force in the Netherlands on November 1, 2026, capping traffic at the airport at 478,000 flight movements a year, including a maximum of 27,000 at night. The decree ends a tolerance arrangement under which the rules of the old decree had not been enforced since 2015.
The decree expands the number of noise enforcement points around the airport from 35 to 148, each setting a maximum annual noise level, with enforcement by the Human Environment and Transport Inspectorate (ILT). It sets targets to cut noise nuisance by 20 percent during the day and 15 percent at night, measured by the number of seriously affected residents compared with 2024. The 478,000 cap will hold until the noise target is met; any growth toward 500,000 movements will depend on noise falling further, with both chambers of parliament involved in that decision.
The decree, published in the official gazette on October 27, was advanced by the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management. Minister Vincent Karremans said Schiphol connects the Netherlands with the world and is very important for the country's earning capacity, describing the decree as a milestone after a multi-year process that strikes a fair balance between residents' interests and the economy. The government says the airport supports more than 110,000 jobs in the Netherlands, with about 68,000 people working directly at the airport.
In March 2026, the Council of State annulled an earlier amendment that had set the same 478,000 cap, finding it insufficiently justified; the new decree completed a fresh legislative process before taking effect. The House of Representatives debated the decree with Karremans on September 29, and on October 13 the Senate rejected all five motions put to a vote against it. Environmental groups including Greenpeace Nederland have said they will ask the Council of State to annul the new decree as well. (Source: Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management)
来源：荷兰基础设施与水利管理部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：史基浦机场航拍（Tbatb，CC BY-SA，经 Wikimedia Commons）
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