西弗吉尼亚州联邦法官叫停州总检察长对环保团体的传票：临时限制令为期14天
西弗吉尼亚州卡诺瓦县Charleston市，美国联邦地区法院南区法官Joseph Goodwin 10月29日作出裁定，对西弗吉尼亚州总检察长J.B. McCuskey发出临时限制令，阻止其执行针对西弗吉尼亚河流联盟和全国气候组织350.org的传票，禁令为期14天，除非法院延长。
总检察长依据《西弗吉尼亚消费者信贷与保护法》发出传票，要求两家组织交出近十年的内部通讯、起草文件、筹款记录及支持者信息等16类文件。古德温法官在备忘录意见中写道，总检察长没有指出任何受骗的消费者、任何一笔交易，也没有指出任何人因两家组织的话而购买了商品；两家组织从事的是受保护的倡导言论，而非商业言论，传票侵犯了结社自由、冷却了第一修正案权利的行使。
裁定强调，这只是临时救济，并非案件最终判决，法院将另行安排是否颁发更长期初步禁令的听证。两家组织此前提起诉讼，指控传票违反第一修正案。
来源：GSM·美国
Federal Judge Blocks West Virginia Attorney General's Subpoenas to Environmental Nonprofits With a 14-Day Restraining Order
In Charleston, Kanawha County, West Virginia, U.S. District Judge Joseph Goodwin of the Southern District of West Virginia ruled on October 29 to issue a temporary restraining order against West Virginia Attorney General J.B. McCuskey, blocking enforcement of his subpoenas to the West Virginia Rivers Coalition and the national climate organization 350.org for 14 days, unless the court extends it.
The attorney general issued the subpoenas under the West Virginia Consumer Credit and Protection Act, demanding 16 categories of documents covering nearly ten years of the organizations' internal communications, drafts, fundraising records and supporter information. In his memorandum opinion, Judge Goodwin wrote that the attorney general identified no consumer who was cheated, no sale, and no purchase made in reliance on anything either group said; the organizations engage in protected advocacy speech, not commercial speech, and the subpoenas trespass on their freedom of association and chill the exercise of First Amendment rights.
The ruling stressed that this is temporary relief, not a final judgment, and the court will schedule a hearing on a longer preliminary injunction. The two organizations had sued, alleging the subpoenas violate the First Amendment.
Source: GSM America
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：西弗吉尼亚州议会大厦（Charleston）。Quintin Soloviev摄，CC BY 4.0，经Wikimedia Commons。 / West Virginia State Capitol in Charleston. Photo by Quintin Soloviev, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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