夏威夷州：通用汽车2.2亿美元数据隐私和解达成，夏威夷获赔286万美元
夏威夷州消费者保护办公室（Office of Consumer Protection）10月29日宣布，通用汽车公司（General Motors）同意支付2.2亿美元，就其涉嫌非法出售消费者驾驶行为与位置数据一事达成多州和解。夏威夷州加入了由36位州总检察长组成的联盟，本州将获得2,861,340美元。
各州指控，通用汽车在2016年至2024年间通过其 Smart Driver 计划登记了数百万名车主，把收集到的驾驶行为和位置数据卖给数据经纪商，后者再把数据转售给保险公司，保险公司把这些数据用于制定保费费率。
调查还发现，OnStar 应用曾错误地告诉37万多名驾驶人他们并未登记该计划，而通用汽车实际上一直在收集并出售他们的数据，之后又在未明确告知的情况下悄悄取消了这些用户的登记。在媒体曝光相关做法后，通用汽车已停办 Smart Driver 计划。
和解条款要求通用汽车在收集或披露驾驶与位置数据前，必须取得消费者明确表示同意的授权；限制其收集的数据种类；建立全面的隐私保护计划并接受内外部评估；同时加强对经销商的监督与培训。本案由华盛顿州和俄勒冈州总检察长办公室牵头调查。
夏威夷州消费者保护办公室执行主任马纳·莫里亚蒂（Mana Moriarty）表示，驾驶人的行踪和驾驶习惯属于高度敏感的个人信息，企业不能在车主不知情的情况下把这些数据拿去出售。
Hawaii: Office of Consumer Protection Announces Multistate Settlement With General Motors
Hawaii's Office of Consumer Protection announced on October 29 that General Motors will pay $220 million to settle allegations that it illegally sold consumers' private driver-behavior and location data. Hawaii joined a coalition of 36 attorneys general and will receive $2,861,340.
The states alleged that from 2016 to 2024 GM enrolled millions of drivers in its Smart Driver program and sold the driving and location data it collected to data brokers, who resold it to insurance companies that used it in setting rates.
Investigators also found that the OnStar app mistakenly told more than 370,000 drivers they were not enrolled while GM was in fact collecting and selling their data, and that the company later quietly unenrolled them. GM discontinued Smart Driver after news reporting exposed the practice.
The settlement requires GM to obtain affirmative, express consent before collecting or disclosing driving and location data, to limit the data it collects, to maintain a comprehensive privacy program with internal and external assessments, and to strengthen dealer oversight and training. The case was co-led by the Washington and Oregon attorneys general.
Mana Moriarty, executive director of the Hawaii Office of Consumer Protection, said where drivers go and how they drive is highly sensitive personal information, and companies cannot sell it without drivers knowing.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：夏威夷州议会大厦，位于檀香山（资料图）。CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / The Hawaii State Capitol in Honolulu (file photo). CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
