加州起诉联邦政府捍卫一次性丙烷罐禁售州法：每年约300万个罐体流入市政垃圾、残气可引发爆炸
加州总检察长 Rob Bonta 10月29日在 Oakland 宣布，加州已起诉特朗普政府，捍卫加州禁止销售不可重复使用丙烷罐的州法。这项州法是参议院法案 SB 1280，由州参议员 John Laird（民主党，Santa Cruz）提出，规定自 2028 年 1 月 1 日起，除少数例外情况外，禁止在加州销售某些不可重复灌装的一次性丙烷罐。
一次性丙烷罐一般为一磅装容器，常用于露营炉、便携取暖器和灯具。据总检察长办公室介绍，这类罐体被丢入垃圾流后，会带来严重的爆炸与火灾风险、环境与健康影响，并给地方政府的安全处置带来高昂成本。加州立法的目的是减少被不当丢弃的一次性丙烷罐数量，保护垃圾清运、分拣设施、垃圾填埋场与回收设施工人的安全。
此次诉讼针对的是联邦管道与危险材料安全管理局（Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration，PHMSA）的行政裁定。PHMSA 认定 SB 1280 被联邦《危险材料运输法》（HMTA）优先适用而无效。加州此次向美国哥伦比亚特区巡回上诉法院申请司法审查，请求撤销该裁定。
Rob Bonta 说：「特朗普政府又一次试图推翻加州旨在保护公共安全、健康与环境的法律。把这项法律说清楚：它将保护工人和环境免受残余丙烷爆炸之害，并为地方政府节省数百万美元的垃圾管理税款。我们将继续以法律和事实为武器，反击联邦政府的越权。」
John Laird 说，他提出 SB 1280，是为了替纳税人省下处理废弃丙烷罐的成本，并保护工人与社区免受被丢弃在公园和海滩的丙烷罐带来的火灾与爆炸风险。他说：「这项法律并不禁止丙烷，它只是以可重复灌装的替代品取代危险的一次性罐体。」
据总检察长办公室公布，联邦《危险材料运输法》为危险材料的安全运输建立了全国性监管框架，并授权美国交通部制定危险材料包装与容器的设计规范。丙烷罐依法应作为危险废物处置，但在加州每年售出的约 400 万个一磅装一次性丙烷罐中，估计约 300 万个被放进了市政垃圾流。这些罐体往往残留使用者未察觉的气体，在垃圾清运车、分拣设施、垃圾填埋场或回收设施中受损或被压碎时，残气可能爆炸或起火、造成人员受伤。
2026 年 1 月 9 日，PHMSA 发布通知称，总部位于 Ohio 的一次性丙烷罐生产商 Worthington Enterprises, Inc. 已申请 PHMSA 裁定《危险材料运输法》是否使 SB 1280 无效；加州总检察长曾提交评论信为 SB 1280 辩护。2026 年 9 月 10 日，PHMSA 公布裁定，认定 SB 1280 无效，理由是该州法提出的要求与联邦危险材料规则规定的罐体设计「并非实质相同」，并构成对《危险材料运输法》宗旨的障碍。加州在诉讼中主张，联邦规则本身允许可重复灌装的丙烷罐、这类罐体在市面上广泛有售，且 SB 1280 并不监管一次性丙烷罐的运输，因此该州法并不被联邦法优先适用，请求法院据此认定并撤销 PHMSA 的裁定。
California Sues Trump Administration to Defend State Law Banning Sale of Non-Reusable Propane Cylinders
California Attorney General Rob Bonta announced in Oakland on October 29 that California has sued the Trump Administration to defend the state law prohibiting the sale of non-reusable propane cylinders. The law, Senate Bill 1280, authored by Senator John Laird (D-Santa Cruz), prohibits, with limited exceptions, the sale in California of certain non-reusable and non-fillable propane cylinders beginning January 1, 2028.
Propane cylinders are single-use, generally one-pound containers used in applications such as camping stoves, portable heaters, and lanterns. According to the Attorney General's Office, when disposed of into the waste stream they pose a significant explosion and fire risk, environmental and health impacts, and a costly burden on local governments to safely manage. The purpose of California's law is to reduce the volume of propane cylinders that are being improperly disposed of in the municipal waste stream and that threaten the safety of waste pickup, landfill, and recycling workers.
The lawsuit challenges an administrative determination by the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) that SB 1280 is preempted by the federal Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (HMTA). California is petitioning for judicial review in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit to vacate the determination.
"Once again, the Trump Administration is trying to overrule California's laws aimed at protecting public safety, health, and the environment," said Attorney General Rob Bonta. "Let's be clear about what this law does: It will protect workers and the environment from residual propane explosions and save local governments millions of tax dollars in waste management costs. We'll continue to fight against the Administration's federal overreach armed with the law and facts on our side."
Senator John Laird said he authored SB 1280 to save taxpayers the cost of disposing of used propane canisters and to protect workers and communities from the fire and explosion risks posed by propane cylinders thrown away in parks and beaches. "Let's be clear: this law doesn't ban propane. It simply replaces dangerous single-use cylinders with refillable alternatives," he said.
According to the Attorney General's Office, although propane cylinders are required to be disposed of as hazardous waste, an estimated 3 million of the estimated 4 million one-pound, single-use propane cylinders sold in California each year are placed into municipal waste streams. These cylinders often contain residual gas of which the user is unaware, and when damaged or crushed in a waste hauling truck, sorting facility, landfill, or recycling facility, the residual gas may explode or catch fire, causing injury.
On January 9, 2026, PHMSA published a notice that Worthington Enterprises, Inc., an Ohio-based manufacturer of disposable propane cylinders, had asked PHMSA to determine that the HMTA preempts SB 1280, and the Attorney General submitted a comment letter defending the law. On September 10, 2026, PHMSA published its determination that SB 1280 is preempted. California's suit asks the court to recognize that the HMTA and the federal Hazardous Materials Regulations do not preempt SB 1280, because the regulations authorize refillable propane cylinders that are widely available and because SB 1280 does not regulate the transportation of disposable propane cylinders, and to strike down PHMSA's preemption determination.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：位于 Sacramento 的加州议会大厦正面。Andre m 摄，经 Wikimedia Commons，授权 CC BY-SA 3.0。 / Photo: The California State Capitol in Sacramento. Photo by Andre m, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
