美国FCC表决开放800 MHz蜂窝频段给无人机：取消1991年机载禁令，50 MHz频段用于指挥控制与载荷通信
美国联邦通信委员会（Federal Communications Commission，FCC）10月29日在 Washington 公开会议上表决通过命令，取消1991年起禁止在800 MHz蜂窝频段进行机载使用的限制，无人机（无人航空系统，UAS）即日起可使用这一频段内50 MHz的低频频谱。
新规把这50 MHz频谱开放给无人机的指挥、控制、通信与载荷链路。FCC表示，这项1991年的机载禁令当年是为了降低飞机上手机对地面网络的干扰风险，如今现代无线网络已有先进技术防止无人机干扰地面服务，这项限制对无人机已无必要。
800 MHz是美国最早的移动电话授权频段之一，FCC早在1981年就为800 MHz蜂窝无线电话服务制定了许可规则。FCC表示，开放这一全国性、低频段的已授权频谱，有助于无人机创新，并让该频段与其他类似的灵活使用频段享有同等待遇。
FCC同时表示，该机构正通过打通频谱商业使用与维护本土安全两条路径推动美国无人机产业，包括已启动一项广泛程序征求无人机技术、制造与运营改革意见，并已采取多项措施释放无人机频谱、与联邦伙伴研究蜂窝网络支持无人机运行、支持地方执法部门的反无人机工具，以及对外国生产的无人机采取行动。
这项命令的文号为 FCC 26-72，案卷号为 GN Docket No. 26-74 与 WT Docket Nos. 22-323、24-629，由主席 Brendan Carr 与委员 Anna Gomez、Olivia Trusty 表决批准，Brendan Carr 与 Olivia Trusty 另发表单独声明。
FCC Votes to Open 800 MHz Cellular Band to Drones, Lifting the 1991 Airborne Ban on 50 MHz for Command, Control and Payload Links
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) voted at its October 29 open meeting in Washington to remove a restriction dating to 1991 that had barred airborne use of the 800 MHz cellular band, opening 50 megahertz of low-band spectrum in that band to unmanned aircraft systems (UAS).
The order unlocks the 50 megahertz for UAS command, control, communication and payload operations. The FCC said the decades-old airborne restriction is no longer necessary for drones because modern wireless networks employ advanced technologies that prevent UAS from interfering with those networks.
The 800 MHz band was one of the earliest licensed bands for mobile phone service, with the Commission adopting licensing rules for 800 MHz cellular radiotelephone service in 1981. The FCC said unlocking the licensed, nationwide low-band spectrum encourages drone innovation and provides parity with other similar flexible-use bands.
The Commission said it is pursuing a two-pronged strategy of commercializing spectrum access and securing the homeland to support American drone leadership, including a broad proceeding on drone technology, manufacturing and operations reforms, steps to free up spectrum for drones, work with federal partners on cellular networks for drone operations, support for counter-UAS tools for local law enforcement, and action against foreign-produced drones.
The action was taken by Report and Order, FCC 26-72, in GN Docket No. 26-74 and WT Docket Nos. 22-323 and 24-629, with Chairman Brendan Carr and Commissioners Anna Gomez and Olivia Trusty approving; Carr and Trusty issued separate statements.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：野外测试现场，技术人员围在一架搭载蜂窝通信设备的大型无人机旁作业。美国空军照片，经 Wikimedia Commons，公共领域。 / Photo: Technicians work on a large drone carrying cellular communications equipment at an outdoor test site. U.S. Air Force photo, via Wikimedia Commons, public domain.
