逾2.1万名被拘留者从 ICE 公开定位系统消失 四家法律机构起诉国土安全部
四家移民法律服务机构 2026 年 10 月 28 日在美国马萨诸塞联邦地区法院起诉美国国土安全部（DHS）与移民与海关执法局（ICE），挑战 ICE 把持最终移除令的被拘留者从公开在线拘留定位系统中移除的做法，要求法院撤销这一政策。
原告是大波士顿法律服务中心（Greater Boston Legal Services）、Rian 移民中心、Florence 移民与难民权利项目和 Amica 移民权利中心，代理方包括国家移民法律中心、国家移民项目、美国公民自由联盟（ACLU）及其马萨诸塞分会。被告包括国土安全部长 Markwayne Mullin、国土安全部、ICE 代理局长 David Venturella 与 ICE 本身，案号 1:26-cv-14869。
诉状称，在线拘留定位系统（ODLS）自 2010 年设立以来，16 年间一直公开 ICE 羁押人员所在的拘留地点，家属与律师可随时查询。2026 年 9 月 15 日前后，国土安全部在没有事先公告、也没有通知被拘留者或其律师的情况下改变做法：持行政最终移除令的人不再出现在 ODLS 的查询结果中。诉状还称，这一政策包含指示 ICE 人员不得向公众透露这些被拘留者的位置，家属与律师打电话询问同样得不到答复。
诉状援引驱逐数据项目（Deportation Data Project）的数据称，2026 年 7 月 ICE 日均羁押 66,904 人，其中持最终移除令者日均约 21,700 人，约占全部被羁押者的 32%。按诉状的说法，政策实施的第一天，就有逾 2 万人从定位系统中「消失」，家属与律师无从确认他们是被转移、被遣返还是出了其他状况。诉状列出的例外只有少数受既有法院命令约束的设施。
原告主张，这一政策在未作合理解释的情况下推翻 16 年的既定做法，违反《行政程序法》；阻断律师与当事人之间的沟通，侵犯第一修正案权利；相关指令未依法公布，违反《信息自由法》。原告请求法院撤销该政策，并表示将尽快提出动议，要求在诉讼审理期间暂缓执行。
国会议员方面，众议员 Veronica Escobar 等 47 人于 9 月 30 日致函 ICE，要求恢复定位信息并公布指令全文；诉状称 ICE 没有在 10 月 14 日的期限前作出回应。国土安全部尚未公开确认这一政策变更。据美联社报道，国土安全部在回应这起诉讼时表示，被拘留者有多种方式与家人和律师取得联系，并称对持最终遣返令者而言，正当程序就是遣返本身。
关联：
国土安全部：ICE在2026财年逮捕逾49.1万次、驱逐483,200次，双创该机构历史纪录
（来源：马萨诸塞联邦地区法院）
资料引用：美联社
More Than 21,000 Detainees Vanish From ICE's Public Locator System as Four Legal Groups Sue DHS
Four immigrant legal services organizations sued the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts on October 28, 2026, challenging ICE's practice of removing detained people with final orders of removal from the public Online Detainee Locator System and asking the court to vacate the policy.
The plaintiffs are Greater Boston Legal Services, the Rian Immigrant Center, the Florence Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project and the Amica Center for Immigrant Rights, represented by the National Immigration Law Center, the National Immigration Project, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the ACLU of Massachusetts, among others. The defendants are Homeland Security Secretary Markwayne Mullin, the Department of Homeland Security, ICE acting director David Venturella and ICE itself. The case is No. 1:26-cv-14869.
According to the complaint, the Online Detainee Locator System (ODLS) has made the locations of people in ICE custody publicly available for 16 years since it was established in 2010, allowing family members and attorneys to look them up at any time. On or about September 15, 2026, DHS changed course without public announcement and without notifying detainees or their attorneys: people with administratively final orders of removal no longer appear in ODLS search results. The complaint says the policy also includes a directive that ICE officers not disclose these detainees' locations to the public, so relatives and attorneys who call to ask are likewise refused the information.
Citing Deportation Data Project figures, the complaint states that in July 2026 ICE held an average of 66,904 people per day, of whom an average of about 21,700 had final orders of removal - roughly 32 percent of everyone in custody. On the first day the policy took effect, the complaint says, more than 20,000 people "disappeared" from the locator system, leaving families and attorneys unable to confirm whether they had been transferred, removed or harmed. The only exceptions the complaint identifies are a few facilities covered by pre-existing court orders.
The plaintiffs argue that the policy, adopted without a reasoned explanation, abandons 16 years of practice in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act; that it obstructs communication between attorneys and their clients in violation of the First Amendment; and that the failure to publish the directive violates the Freedom of Information Act. They ask the court to vacate the policy and say they will shortly move to stay it while the case proceeds.
In Congress, Representative Veronica Escobar and 46 colleagues wrote to ICE on September 30 demanding that locator information be restored and the directive's text released; the complaint says ICE did not respond by the October 14 deadline. DHS has not publicly confirmed the policy change. As reported by the Associated Press, DHS responded to the lawsuit by saying that people in detention have multiple ways to communicate with their families and attorneys, and that for a person with a final deportation order, the proper process is removal.
Related:
DHS: ICE Made More Than 491,000 Arrests and 483,200 Removals in Fiscal 2026, Both Agency Records
(Source: U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts)
Reference: The Associated Press
来源：马萨诸塞联邦地区法院
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国移民与海关执法局（ICE）总部大楼，位于华盛顿，2025 年 4 月摄，CC BY 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Headquarters of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement in Washington, D.C., April 2025, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
