美国教育部对加州三家学区启动调查：北蒙特雷县、帕洛阿尔托与旧金山学区被指强迫学生回答特权之轮问卷
美国教育部10月26日宣布，其学生隐私政策办公室（SPPO）已对加利福尼亚州三家学区启动调查：北蒙特雷县联合学区、帕洛阿尔托联合学区和旧金山联合学区被指在未取得家长同意、家长不知情的情况下要求学生透露关于自己和家庭的私密信息，涉嫌违反联邦家长权利法律，调查将认定三家学区是否违反了《学生权利保护修正案》（PPRA）。
教育部称，根据公开报道，三家学区在必修的「民族研究」课程中要求学生参加「权力/特权之轮」（Wheel of Power/Privilege）和（或）「绘制我的身份」（Mapping My Identities）活动。这类问卷要求学生填写性取向、性别认同、身心健康状况、家庭经济状况、种族等个人信息，再据此判定自己的「特权等级」。家长还指控，学区对查阅民族研究课程的要求不予回应，或只允许家长查阅其中一部分。
学生隐私政策办公室主任 Frank Miller 说：「加州的学校似乎在收集大量关于学生的受保护私密信息而不让家长参与，令人严重担忧他们刻意对家长隐瞒涉及孩子最敏感的信息。学生不应在家长不知情、未同意的情况下被迫说出关于自己和家庭的私密细节。」PPRA 要求学校在实施会透露受保护信息的调查、分析或评估之前通知家长并取得书面同意，还要求学校应家长要求提供全部课程材料供查阅。教育部称，违反 PPRA 可导致执法行动，并可能失去联邦资金；其背景包括 SPPO 在2025年3月和2026年8月发布的指导函，以及教育部与司法部10月5日致各州总检察长的联名信。
U.S. Department of Education Opens Investigations Into Three California Districts Over Wheel of Privilege Survey
The U.S. Department of Education announced on October 26, 2026, that its Student Privacy Policy Office (SPPO) opened investigations into three California school districts: North Monterey County Unified School District, Palo Alto Unified School District and San Francisco Unified School District. The districts reportedly require students to reveal intimate details about themselves and their families without parental consent or knowledge, and the investigations will determine whether they violated the Protection of Pupil Rights Amendment (PPRA), the federal parental rights law enforced by SPPO.
According to public reporting cited by the Department, the districts require students to participate in Wheel of Power/Privilege and/or Mapping My Identities activities as part of mandated Ethnic Studies curricula. The questionnaires require students to identify personal information such as their sexual orientations, gender identities, mental and physical health conditions, family economic status and race, and students are then asked to determine their privilege status based on the information they provide. Parents also allege that the districts were not responsive to requests to review the Ethnic Studies curriculum, or only allowed parents to review parts of it.
'Schools in California seem to be collecting a myriad of protected and private information on students without involving parents, raising serious concerns that they deliberately keep parents in the dark about the most sensitive information pertaining to their children,' said Frank Miller, Director of the Student Privacy Policy Office. 'Students should not be pressured into identifying intimate details about themselves and their families without parental awareness and consent.' The Department said PPRA requires schools to notify parents and obtain written parental consent before administering a survey, analysis or evaluation that would reveal protected information, and to make all curriculum available for review to parents upon request. Violations of PPRA can lead to enforcement actions and potential loss of federal funding. The Department pointed to SPPO guidance letters issued in March 2025 and August 2026, and to an October 5, 2026 joint letter from the Education and Justice Departments to all state Attorneys General.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：加利福尼亚州一所学校的学生（资料图）。美国联邦紧急事务管理局 Adam Dubrowa 摄，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Students at a school in California (file photo). Photo by Adam Dubrowa, FEMA, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
