特朗普签署行政令降低住房成本：试点主动取消房贷保险，设制造住房创新工作组
华盛顿——特朗普总统10月22日在白宫签署行政令《降低美国人住房成本》。行政令提出，把降低房贷办理的监管障碍与成本、运用新型风险与估值技术、促进住房与房贷市场竞争列为本届政府的政策方向。
在房贷保险方面，行政令要求联邦住房金融局（FHFA）局长在判定符合房利美、房地美与美国公众最佳利益时，指示两家机构设立试点计划：对计划设立后发放的单户住宅贷款，用自动估值模型等数据定期审查，识别房产净值等条件已达标的借款人，主动取消其抵押贷款保险。两家机构须要求贷款服务机构及时通知借款人，并减少或取消不必要的文件要求、评估费用等行政障碍。
行政令同时设立「制造住房创新工作组」，由住房与城市发展部部长与FHFA局长共同主持，成员包括农业部长、商务部长与退伍军人事务部长。工作组须在180天内向总统提交建议，包括推动联邦住房计划之间在规格、认证、检查与审批上互认，消除阻碍自动化、模块化与标准化生产等先进建造方式的联邦要求与重复审查，运用联邦融资、保险与购买工具鼓励增产可负担的制造住房与工厂建造住房，并评估以联邦拨款激励州和地方政府采用标准化许可。
在产权保险方面，行政令要求FHFA把现行产权接受试点扩大为全国常设项目，允许两家机构在符合条件的再融资交易中，以经FHFA批准的自动产权审查替代贷款人产权保险，并考虑把贷款价值比上限从现行80%放宽、取消地域限制，项目节省的成本须传递给借款人。行政令还要求农业部与退伍军人事务部下调各自直接发放的单户住宅贷款利率。该行政令援引了2026年3月13日第14394号行政令《消除可负担住房建设监管障碍》。
Trump Signs Executive Order to Lower Housing Costs: Proactive Mortgage-Insurance Cancellation Pilot and a Manufactured Housing Task Force
WASHINGTON — President Donald Trump signed the executive order "Decreasing Housing Costs for the American People" at the White House on October 22. The order sets administration policy as reducing regulatory barriers and costs in mortgage origination, embracing new risk and valuation technologies, and promoting competition across the housing and mortgage market.
On mortgage insurance, the order directs the Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), where he determines it is in the best interests of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the American public, to have the two enterprises establish a pilot program. For single-family loans made after the pilot begins, the enterprises are to periodically review loans using automated valuation models and other data, identify borrowers who appear to meet equity and other requirements, and proactively cancel their mortgage insurance. Servicers must promptly notify borrowers and reduce unnecessary documentation requests, appraisal costs and other administrative barriers.
The order also establishes a Task Force on Manufactured Housing Innovation, co-chaired by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the FHFA Director, with the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce and Veterans Affairs as members. Within 180 days, the task force must submit recommendations to the President, including reciprocal recognition of specifications, certifications, inspections and approvals across federal housing programs, elimination of federal requirements and duplicative reviews that impede modular and factory-built housing, use of federal financing tools to encourage production of affordable manufactured homes, and an evaluation of conditioning federal grants on state and local adoption of standardized permitting.
On title insurance, the order directs the FHFA to expand the title acceptance pilot into an ongoing nationwide program under which the enterprises may accept an FHFA-approved automated title review in lieu of a lender's title insurance policy on eligible refinances, considering raising the current 80 percent loan-to-value limit and removing geographic limitations, with cost savings required to be passed through to borrowers. The Secretaries of Agriculture and Veterans Affairs are directed to reduce interest rates on their departments' direct single-family home loans. The order builds on Executive Order 14394 of March 13, 2026, "Removing Regulatory Barriers to Affordable Home Construction."
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：特朗普总统在白宫椭圆形办公室签署文件，白宫官方照片，公有领域（Wikimedia Commons）；President Trump signing documents in the Oval Office, official White House photo, public domain (Wikimedia Commons)
