美加商谈减轻钢铁与汽车关税协议：钢铁最高50%、汽车25%在谈判桌上，消息人士称或在11月3日选举前达成
据路透社10月26日报道，美国与加拿大正在商谈一项协议，拟减轻美国对加拿大钢铁与汽车征收的关税。两名美国消息人士与四名加拿大消息人士透露，两国政府正试图修复自今年8月贸易谈判破裂以来恶化的关系。
谈判聚焦于美国依据《1962年贸易扩展法》第232条征收的关税，其中对加拿大钢铁的关税最高达50%、对汽车的关税为25%，双方谈判代表正在讨论下调这些关税的可能。一名了解谈判情况的加拿大消息人士称，钢铁与汽车关税协议有可能在11月3日中期选举之前达成；美方消息人士则表示，特朗普政府希望加拿大作出进一步让步。上述消息人士因谈判不公开而要求匿名。
由于第232条关税由商务部主管，商务部长 Howard Lutnick 而非贸易代表办公室成为本轮谈判的中心人物。消息人士称，Lutnick 与加拿大负责加美贸易的部长 Dominic LeBlanc 近期保持经常联系。LeBlanc 办公室表示，加拿大仍在与华盛顿保持接触，其发言人在声明中说：「加拿大仍在就一系列优先事项与美国同行进行建设性对话。我们随时准备本着诚意开展建设性工作，达成一份更互利、尊重加拿大利益的贸易关系。」白宫、商务部与贸易代表办公室未立即回应置评请求。
一名加拿大业界消息人士说，协议即便达成也可能来得快、范围窄：「如果要发生，就会很快发生。但我的感觉是，即便达成，也只是一份范围收窄的协议。」另一名加拿大消息人士表示，其一直认为第232条关税协议有可能在中期选举前达成，任何协议都将由特朗普总统与加拿大总理 Mark Carney 推动，两位领导人都曾表示一份互利协议是可能的，Carney 称他希望为加拿大争取一份「好协议」。
背景方面，美加贸易谈判今年8月破裂，争议包括是否削减对加拿大工厂至关重要的中型与重型车辆关税；美国汽车制造商此前曾希望谈判能减轻华盛顿最初25%关税给跨境运输整车与零部件带来的成本上升。特朗普此前宣布，将自2027年1月1日起把对加拿大钢铁与汽车进口的关税提高至50%；他在10月25日的一场政治集会上预言贸易争端将「很快」解决，但未给出细节。特朗普10月24日签署命令，取消对部分加拿大农产品与林业产品的50%关税，此举可能使缅因州企业受益。
来源：GSM·美国
US and Canada Working on Deal to Ease Steel and Auto Tariffs: Up to 50% on Steel and 25% on Autos Under Discussion, Sources Say Deal Possible Before November 3 Election
The United States and Canada are working on a deal to ease U.S. tariffs on Canadian steel and autos, two U.S. and four Canadian sources told Reuters on October 26, as the two governments try to repair relations that soured after trade talks broke down in August.
The talks focus on tariffs imposed under Section 232 of U.S. trade law, including a tariff of up to 50% on Canadian steel and 25% on autos, with negotiators discussing potential relief from those duties. One Canadian source briefed on the negotiations said a deal on steel and auto tariffs was possible before the November 3 midterm elections, while U.S. sources said the Trump administration wanted Canada to make further concessions. The sources spoke on condition of anonymity because the talks are private.
Because the Section 232 tariffs are administered by the Commerce Department, Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick, rather than the U.S. Trade Representative's office, is at the center of the negotiations, sources on both sides of the border said. Lutnick and Dominic LeBlanc, Canada's minister responsible for Canada-U.S. trade, have been in regular contact recently, one source said. LeBlanc's office said Canada remains in contact with Washington. "Canada remains in constructive dialogue with our U.S. counterparts on a range of priorities," a spokesperson for LeBlanc said in a statement. "We stand ready to work constructively and in good faith towards a more mutually beneficial trading relationship that respects Canada's interests." The White House, the Commerce Department and the USTR's office did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
A Canadian industry source said a deal could come quickly, but not necessarily a broad one. "If it happens, it'll happen fast. But my sense is it'll be a narrowed deal, if it even happens," the source said. Another Canadian source said they have believed for some time that a deal on Section 232 tariffs is likely before the midterms, adding that any agreement would be driven by President Donald Trump and Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney, both of whom had said a mutually beneficial deal is possible; Carney has said he wants a "good deal" for Canada.
U.S.-Canadian trade talks collapsed in August over issues including whether to cut duties on medium- and heavy-duty vehicles critical for Canadian factories, and U.S. automakers had hoped the talks would deliver relief from Washington's original 25% tariffs, which have raised the cost of shipping vehicles and parts across the border. Trump has previously announced he would raise tariffs on steel and auto imports from Canada to 50% from January 1, 2027; at a political rally on October 25 he predicted the trade dispute would be resolved "soon," without providing specifics. On October 24 Trump signed an order removing 50% tariffs on some Canadian agricultural and forestry products, a move that could benefit businesses in Maine.
Source: GSM · USA
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：连接美国 Detroit 与加拿大 Windsor 的大使桥（Ambassador Bridge），美加汽车与零部件跨境运输的主要通道（资料图）。Chris Woodrich（Crisco 1492）摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。
