爱荷华州11月3日唯一全州公投：第1号修正案要求加税须获议会三分之二多数

爱荷华州迪比克县迪比克市消息，11月3日，爱荷华州选民将就本州唯一的州级公投案——第1号修正案作出决定：是否在州宪法中写入一条新规，要求州议会以三分之二多数票才能提高所得税。据10月26日刊出的解析，该修正案要求，任何提高个人或企业所得税率、或新设州所得税的法案，须获得众议院100名议员中的67票和参议院50名议员中的34票方可通过；目前这类法案只需简单多数即可通过，投反对票即维持现行制度。修正案本身并不加税、也不减税，不改变州支出、销售税、财产税或地方选择税，也不新设或保护任何税收抵免、扣除与豁免；对已通过法案的程序提出质疑，须在法案生效后一年内起诉。该修正案由州议会以参议院联合决议11号通过，若获选民批准，将成为州宪法新增的第13条。批评者认为，该修正案会锁定现行税制结构，可能使本州最低收入居民处境更差。

Iowa's only statewide referendum on Nov. 3: Amendment 1 would require a two-thirds legislative majority to raise taxes

Dubuque, Dubuque County, Iowa — On Nov. 3, Iowa voters will decide the state's only statewide referendum, Amendment 1: whether to write into the state constitution a new rule requiring a two-thirds vote of the legislature to raise income taxes. According to an analysis published Oct. 26, the amendment would require any bill raising individual or corporate income tax rates, or creating a new state income tax, to win 67 of the 100 votes in the House and 34 of the 50 votes in the Senate; currently such bills need only a simple majority, and a 'no' vote would keep the current system. The amendment itself neither raises nor cuts taxes, does not change state spending, sales taxes, property taxes or local-option taxes, and creates or protects no tax credits, deductions or exemptions; procedural challenges to enacted bills must be filed within one year of a bill taking effect. The amendment was passed by the legislature as Senate Joint Resolution 11 and, if approved by voters, would become a new Article XIII of the state constitution. Critics argue it would lock in the current tax structure and could leave the state's lowest-income residents worse off.

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：爱荷华州议会大厦，CC BY 4.0，来源 Wikimedia Commons

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