教育部长Linda McMahon专访谈加州学校：约六成学生数学不达标 评州长Gavin Newsom「有很大改进空间」
美国教育部长 Linda McMahon 在「把教育还给各州」巡访的加州站接受《加州邮报》（The California Post）专访，谈及加州学生的学业成绩、州长 Gavin Newsom 的教育施政，以及她推动裁撤自己领导的联邦教育部的进展。专访于10月25日刊出。加州最新州级教育数据显示，该州约六成学生数学未达熟练标准，约半数学生阅读未达州定标准。McMahon 表示，成绩低迷是全国性问题，总统特朗普任命她时即要求她着手解决。
被问及如何评价 Newsom 的教育施政时，McMahon 回答：「有很大改进空间。」她还说：「我向各位州长发出挑战——要确保你们是在为孩子服务，而不是为成年人服务。」她认为问题出在教学方式本身：「你不能从 Washington 自上而下地强推教育，因为没有一种模式适合所有人。什么方式最有效，最好由州一级决定，由家长与教师、州长和学校官员共同参与。」她呼吁家长更积极地参与子女教育：「担起这份责任，去学校看看你的孩子在学什么、你希望他们怎样被教。」
专访还谈及学生性别身份信息的家长知情权争议。教育部今年1月认定，加州教育厅持续违反《家庭教育权利与隐私法》（FERPA）——该法保障家长查阅子女教育记录的权利。McMahon 说：「一个州把这些信息对家长保密、藏起档案、不提供这些信息，明显违反 FERPA，我们会调查、会强硬追究。」教育部指控加州向学校施压、要求对家长隐瞒学生的性别身份，依据是加州2024年通过的 AB 1955 法案，该法禁止学区在未经学生同意时强制披露此类信息。加州总检察长 Rob Bonta 已就教育部的认定提起诉讼，加州方面则表示该法并不强制学校不披露。
关于裁撤教育部的推进，McMahon 表示教育部已与六个联邦机构签署14项跨机构协议，合作方包括卫生与公众服务部、司法部、国务院、劳工部、内政部与财政部：部分中小学与大学拨款项目移交劳工部，联邦学生贷款组合移交财政部，部分特殊教育与民权职责移交卫生与公众服务部和司法部。她说：「我们正在推进跨机构协议，把教育部的各项工作移出去。这不是一件小事。」她同时承认，彻底关闭教育部需要国会立法，并向议员表示：「让我先拿出一个可行的样板。让我证明这行得通，在我证明之前，我不会要求你们投票。」
教育部还把矛头指向加州大学系统：该系统新生入门数学课程的不及格率持续上升。教育部发言人 Julie Hartman 表示：「这么多大学生连高中阶段的基本数学都过不了关，这是对我们教育体系令人不安的控诉。」她还说：「已有数十所院校认识到标准化考试的价值、恢复了 SAT/ACT 要求，加州大学系统也应跟进。」
Education Secretary Linda McMahon on California Schools: About Six in 10 Students Not Proficient in Math, Says Gov. Gavin Newsom Has 'a Lot of Room for Improvement'
U.S. Secretary of Education Linda McMahon spoke about California students' academic performance, Gov. Gavin Newsom's education record and her push to dismantle the department she leads, in an exclusive interview with The California Post during the California stop of her "Returning Education to the States" tour, published on October 25. The latest state education data show that about six in 10 California students are not proficient in math, while roughly half fail to meet state reading proficiency standards. McMahon said low test scores are a nationwide problem that President Donald Trump tasked her with addressing when he offered her the job.
Asked how Newsom has fared on education, McMahon said: "There is a lot of room for improvement." She added: "I challenge governors to make sure that they are on board to serve kids and not serve adults." She said the problem lies in how students are taught: "You cannot force education from the top down from Washington, DC, because no one size fits all. What works best in the states is best decided at the state level, with parents working with teachers, governors and school officials being involved." She urged parents to take a more active role: "Take on the mantle, go to the school and find out what your children are being taught and how you want them to be taught."
The interview also covered the dispute over disclosing students' gender identity information to parents. In January, the Education Department found that California's education agency continued to violate the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), the federal law governing parents' access to their children's education records. "For a state to keep that information from parents, to hide files and to not provide that information, it's clearly against FERPA, and we will investigate and come after them hard," McMahon said. The department alleged California pressured schools to hide students' gender identities from parents, citing AB 1955, a 2024 state law that bars districts from requiring such disclosure without a student's consent. California Attorney General Rob Bonta has sued over the finding, and the state says the law does not mandate nondisclosure.
On winding down her own department, McMahon said the Education Department has signed 14 interagency agreements with six federal agencies — the departments of Health and Human Services, Justice, State, Labor, Interior and Treasury — shifting some K-12 and college grant programs to Labor, the federal student loan portfolio to Treasury, and some special education and civil rights responsibilities to HHS and Justice. "We are definitely working on our interagency agreements and moving the bodies of work out of the Department of Education. This is no small task," she said. She acknowledged that closing the agency outright would require congressional action, telling lawmakers: "Let this be my proof of concept. Let me show you that it will work. I won't ask for your vote until I show you how it will work."
The department has also taken aim at the University of California system, where failure rates in introductory freshman math courses have been climbing. Department spokesperson Julie Hartman said: "It's a troubling indictment of our education system that so many college students struggle with basic high school math." She added: "Dozens of institutions have recognized the value of standardized testing and reinstated the SAT/ACT. The UC system should follow suit."
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：美国教育部长 Linda McMahon 官方肖像（2026年）。照片：美国教育部，公共领域，经维基共享资源。 / Official portrait of U.S. Secretary of Education Linda McMahon (2026). Photo: U.S. Department of Education, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
