美国天主教主教团发布2026年宗教自由年度报告：列出六大关切领域，政治暴力居首
Washington 消息：美国天主教主教团（USCCB）宗教自由委员会近日发布年度报告《美国宗教自由状况》，汇总2025年联邦政策、立法与最高法院判例中影响宗教自由的发展，并列出2026年六大重点关切领域。这份62页的报告把政治与反宗教暴力列在首位。
报告列出的六个领域依次为：政治暴力和反宗教暴力；联邦拨款所附的不公正条件与政府可靠性问题；被移民执法拘留者获得圣事的机会，以及在礼拜场所的移民执法；择校与联邦奖学金税收抵免；废除阻止宗教组织参与政府项目的条款；进一步否定性别意识形态。宗教自由委员会主席、Portland 总主教 Alexander K. Sample 在报告前言中写道，政治暴力的持续上升最令人担忧，国家生活中有太多敌意与纷争。
Sample 在报告引言中说：「这一切宗教自由的发展，都发生在美国人准备庆祝独立250周年之际。此时回顾《独立宣言》所表达的理想、以及这些理想如何塑造了过去两个半世纪独特的文化，正当其时。」他还提到，主教们已于今年6月将国家奉献给耶稣圣心。
报告同时肯定了本届政府在宗教自由方面的一些做法，包括设立有数名主教担任成员或顾问的宗教自由委员会，以及废除妨碍宗教组织运作的行政规则。报告并记载，华盛顿州2025年修改强制举报法、单独取消神父在告解中获知信息时的保密特权后，联邦地区法院裁定该法很可能违反自由行使条款并发出初步禁令，州政府随后同意就天主教告解圣事等做法接受永久禁令。
另据主教团消息，10月27日是美国的国际宗教自由日，纪念1998年《国际宗教自由法》签署；Sample 与国际正义与和平委员会主席 A. Elias Zaidan 主教就此发表声明，强调维护宗教自由须以人的尊严为根基，并提醒人工智能等新技术可能被用于更广泛地监控和迫害宗教群体。
U.S. Bishops Release 2026 Religious Liberty Report Listing Six Areas of Critical Concern, Led by Political Violence
WASHINGTON — The Committee for Religious Liberty of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) has issued its annual report, The State of Religious Liberty in the United States, summarizing 2025 developments in federal policy, legislation and Supreme Court cases affecting religious freedom and identifying six areas of critical concern for 2026. The 62-page report puts political and anti-religious violence first.
The six areas, in order, are: political and anti-religious violence; unjust terms and conditions on federal grants and the unreliability of government; access to the sacraments for ICE detainees and immigration enforcement at houses of worship; school choice and the Federal Scholarship Tax Credit; repeal of provisions that prevent religious organizations from participating in government programs; and further repudiation of gender ideology. Archbishop Alexander K. Sample of Portland, chairman of the committee, wrote in the report's foreword that the ongoing rise in political violence is perhaps the most concerning development, warning of a cycle of attack and retribution.
"All of these developments in religious liberty are taking place as Americans prepare to celebrate two hundred fifty years as an independent nation," Archbishop Sample said in his introduction to the report. "It is a fitting time to reflect on the ideals expressed in the Declaration of Independence, and how those ideals have shaped the unique culture that has grown over the past two-and-a-half centuries." He also cited the bishops' consecration of the nation to the Sacred Heart of Jesus in June.
The report also credits steps taken under the current administration, including the Religious Liberty Commission, on which several bishops serve as members or advisors, and executive orders repealing rules that hindered religious organizations. It further records that after Washington state amended its mandatory-reporting law in 2025 to eliminate the clergy-penitent privilege for information learned in confession, a federal district court found the law likely violates the Free Exercise Clause and issued a preliminary injunction, and the state then agreed to a permanent injunction covering the sacrament of confession and similar practices in other faiths.
Separately, ahead of International Religious Freedom Day on October 27, which commemorates the 1998 signing of the International Religious Freedom Act, Archbishop Sample and Bishop A. Elias Zaidan, chairman of the Committee on International Justice and Peace, issued a statement emphasizing that respect for human dignity must remain the foundation of efforts to defend religious freedom, and warning that artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies could enable more extensive surveillance and persecution of religious communities.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：位于 Washington 的圣母无玷始胎国家朝圣地圣殿外景（资料图）。照片：AgnosticPreachersKid，CC BY-SA 3.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Exterior of the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington (file photo). Photo by AgnosticPreachersKid, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
